@import url("all.css");
/****************preloader*************/
#preloader{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:9999; background:#fff}
#status{width:260px;height:260px;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;margin:-130px 0 0 -130px;background-size:260px;}
.loader-wrap{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;margin:auto;}
.loader{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;width:100px;height:100px;margin:-50px 0 0 -50px;background:url(../images/preloader.gif) no-repeat;}
.icon-n-earphone:before,.icon-microphone:before,.icon-microphone-big:before,.icon-equalizer:before{font-family:'icomoon' !important;speak:never;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;}
 
.icon-n-earphone:before{content:"\e900";}
.icon-microphone:before{content:"\e901";}
.icon-microphone-big:before{content:"\e901";}
.icon-equalizer:before{content:"\e903";}
.scroll-progress-bar{position:fixed;z-index:9999;height:4px;top:0;left:0;box-shadow:0px 3px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}
.scroll-progress-bar{background-color:var(--color-primary);}
body{}
.top-away #back-to-top,.not-at-top #back-to-top{display:block;animation:slideindown 0.5s;}
.not-at-top #back-to-top{display:block;animation:slideindown 0.5s;cursor: pointer;}
.font-style{font-family:"Lobster Two",cursive !important;position:relative;}
.slider .text-theme::after{content:"";position:absolute;top:108%;left:10%;width:80%;height:80%;display:block!important;animation-name:animateWidth;animation-duration:0.8s;animation-fill-mode:forwards;border:5px solid transparent;animation-delay:2s;}
.sec-text{max-width:560px;margin-bottom:23px;}
.ms-auto{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}
.moduletable{border:0;padding:2rem;border-radius:0;margin:2rem auto;}
.module-title{font-weight:600;line-height:1;}
.module-title,h3{position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
.module-title::after{content:'';height:14px;width:100%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);left:0;background:url(../images/h3-bg.png) repeat-x center;z-index:0;opacity:0.3}
.module-title,.module-title span{text-transform:none;border-bottom:0;}
.module-title span{padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;background-color:var(--containerbg-color);position:relative;z-index:1;}
h3.module-title.equalizer,h3.equalizer{padding-left:30px;line-height:1;}
h3.module-title.microphone,h3.microphone{padding-left:20px;line-height:1;}
h3.module-title.microphone-big,h3.microphone-big{padding-left:30px;line-height:1;}
.module-title span.first-word-elsevier{padding-right:0}
.category .list-title a{color:var(--body-text-color)}
.form-select{background-color:var(--containerbg-color)}
h3.module-title.equalizer::before,h3.equalizer::before{}
h3.equalizer::before{bottom:0px;}
h3.module-title.microphone::before,h3.microphone::before{}
h3.microphone::before{bottom:0px;}
h3.module-title.microphone-big::before,h3.microphone-big::before{}
h3.microphone-big::before{bottom:0px;}
.moduletable > h3, .moduletable > .h3{text-transform:none;}
h3.module-title .titlespan{position:relative;}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{position:relative; font-weight:600}
.background-image,[data-bg-src]{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center center;}
.feature-box{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:15px;margin-bottom:33px;}
.feature-box_title{color:#FFF;margin-bottom:8px;font-weight:600;}
.feature-box_icon{width:78px;height:70px;line-height:70px;text-align:center;}
.box-title{font-size:24px;margin-top:-0.3em;line-height:1.417;}
.feature-box_text{color:#FFF;margin-bottom:-0.5em;max-width:375px;}
.img-box1{position:relative;text-align:right;padding:50px 33px 0 0;}
.img-box1 .shape1{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;}
.img-box1:hover .shape1,.img-box1:hover .discount_style1{-webkit-animation:pulse1 2s ease-in-out infinite;animation:pulse1 2s ease-in-out infinite;}
.img-box1 .discount_style1{position:absolute;bottom:20px;left:20px;}
.discount_style1{height:123px;width:112px;text-align:center;padding:60px 14px 60px 0;}
.discount_style1 .percentage{color:#fff;margin-bottom:0;font-size:30px;margin-top:0;}
.discount_style1 .small-text{font-weight:500;line-height:0.5;font-size:0.6em;text-transform:uppercase;display:inline-block;text-align:left;margin-left:-5px;}
.discount_style1 .small-text .text{font-size:0.6em;font-weight:400;}
.tags-outer-elsevier{display:flex;margin:30px 0 0 0;	padding:40px 0 0 0;}
.tags-label-elsevier,div.fastsocialshare-text{padding:3px 15px 0 0;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;display:inline-block;}
ul.tags{}
ul.tags li a,.tagspopular ul > li > a,.tagssimilar ul > li > a{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:1;padding:14px 17px;margin-right:5px;margin-bottom:10px;background-color:transparent;border-radius:99px;}
ul.tags li a.btn,.tagspopular ul > li > a,.tagssimilar ul > li > a,.tagspopular ul > li ,.tagssimilar ul > li{background-color:transparent;}
.tagspopular ul > li{padding-right:0;padding-left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}
.t4-module .nav li a{display:block;position:relative;}
.left.item-image{float:left;}
.right.item-image{float:right}
.t4-footer ul.dropdown-menu{padding:1rem;}
.container{}
.btn.btn-secondary:hover{opacity:1;}
.t4-module.module-graybg{background-color:var(--color-graylight);padding:15px}
/*
==========================================================
ANIMATIONS
==========================================================
*/

@-webkit-keyframes zoomIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}50%{opacity:1}}
@keyframes zoomIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}50%{opacity:1}}
.zoomIn{-webkit-animation-name:zoomIn;animation-name:zoomIn}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomInDown{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-1000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-1000px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomInDown{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-1000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-1000px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomInDown{-webkit-animation-name:zoomInDown;animation-name:zoomInDown}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomInLeft{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(-1000px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(-1000px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(10px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(10px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomInLeft{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(-1000px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(-1000px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(10px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(10px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomInLeft{-webkit-animation-name:zoomInLeft;animation-name:zoomInLeft}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomInRight{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(1000px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(1000px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-10px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-10px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomInRight{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(1000px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(1000px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-10px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-10px,0,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomInRight{-webkit-animation-name:zoomInRight;animation-name:zoomInRight}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomInUp{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,1000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,1000px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomInUp{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,1000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,1000px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomInUp{-webkit-animation-name:zoomInUp;animation-name:zoomInUp}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomOut{0%{opacity:1}50%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}100%{opacity:0}}
@keyframes zoomOut{0%{opacity:1}50%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}100%{opacity:0}}
.zoomOut{-webkit-animation-name:zoomOut;animation-name:zoomOut}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomOutDown{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,2000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,2000px,0);-webkit-transform-origin:center bottom;transform-origin:center bottom;-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomOutDown{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,-60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,2000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,2000px,0);-webkit-transform-origin:center bottom;transform-origin:center bottom;-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomOutDown{-webkit-animation-name:zoomOutDown;animation-name:zoomOutDown}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomOutLeft{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(42px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(42px,0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.1) translate3d(-2000px,0,0);transform:scale(.1) translate3d(-2000px,0,0);-webkit-transform-origin:left center;transform-origin:left center}}
@keyframes zoomOutLeft{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(42px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(42px,0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.1) translate3d(-2000px,0,0);transform:scale(.1) translate3d(-2000px,0,0);-webkit-transform-origin:left center;transform-origin:left center}}
.zoomOutLeft{-webkit-animation-name:zoomOutLeft;animation-name:zoomOutLeft}

@-webkit-keyframes zoomOutRight{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-42px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-42px,0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.1) translate3d(2000px,0,0);transform:scale(.1) translate3d(2000px,0,0);-webkit-transform-origin:right center;transform-origin:right center}}
@keyframes zoomOutRight{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-42px,0,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(-42px,0,0)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.1) translate3d(2000px,0,0);transform:scale(.1) translate3d(2000px,0,0);-webkit-transform-origin:right center;transform-origin:right center}}
.zoomOutRight{-webkit-animation-name:zoomOutRight;animation-name:zoomOutRight}


@-webkit-keyframes zoomOutUp{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-2000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-2000px,0);-webkit-transform-origin:center bottom;transform-origin:center bottom;-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
@keyframes zoomOutUp{40%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);transform:scale3d(.475,.475,.475) translate3d(0,60px,0);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.55,.055,.675,.19)}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-2000px,0);transform:scale3d(.1,.1,.1) translate3d(0,-2000px,0);-webkit-transform-origin:center bottom;transform-origin:center bottom;-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.175,.885,.32,1)}}
.zoomOutUp{-webkit-animation-name:zoomOutUp;animation-name:zoomOutUp}

@-webkit-keyframes slideInDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}
@keyframes slideInDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}
.slideInDown{-webkit-animation-name:slideInDown;animation-name:slideInDown}

@-webkit-keyframes slideInLeft{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}}
@keyframes slideInLeft{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}}
.slideInLeft{-webkit-animation-name:slideInLeft;animation-name:slideInLeft}

@-webkit-keyframes slideInRight{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}}
@keyframes slideInRight{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}}
.slideInRight{-webkit-animation-name:slideInRight;animation-name:slideInRight}

@-webkit-keyframes slideInUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}
@keyframes slideInUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%);visibility:visible}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}
.slideInUp{-webkit-animation-name:slideInUp;animation-name:slideInUp}

@-webkit-keyframes slideOutDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}
@keyframes slideOutDown{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%)}}
.slideOutDown{-webkit-animation-name:slideOutDown;animation-name:slideOutDown}

@-webkit-keyframes slideOutLeft{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%)}}
@keyframes slideOutLeft{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%)}}
.slideOutLeft{-webkit-animation-name:slideOutLeft;animation-name:slideOutLeft}

@-webkit-keyframes slideOutRight{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%)}}
@keyframes slideOutRight{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%)}}
.slideOutRight{-webkit-animation-name:slideOutRight;animation-name:slideOutRight}

@-webkit-keyframes slideOutUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%)}}
@keyframes slideOutUp{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}100%{visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%)}}
.slideOutUp{-webkit-animation-name:slideOutUp;animation-name:slideOutUp}

@-webkit-keyframes bgPulse{
  0%{
    background-size:100% 100%;
  }
  50%{
    background-size:85% 85%;
    background-position:bottom center;
  }
  100%{
    background-size:100% 100%;
  }
}

@keyframes bgPulse{
  0%{
    background-size:100% 100%;
  }
  50%{
    background-size:85% 85%;
    background-position:bottom center;
  }
  100%{
    background-size:100% 100%;
  }
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeInUp{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(20px);transform:translateY(20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes fadeInUp{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(20px);-ms-transform:translateY(20px);transform:translateY(20px)}100%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:translateY(0);-ms-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}}
@keyframes fadein{from{opacity:0;top:-114px}to{opacity:1;top:0}}
@-moz-keyframes fadein{from{opacity:0;top:-114px}to{opacity:1;top:0}}
@-webkit-keyframes fadein{from{opacity:0;top:-114px}to{opacity:1;top:0}}
@-o-keyframes fadein{from{opacity:0;top:-114px}to{opacity:1;top:0}}
@-webkit-keyframes shine{
	100%{
		left:125%;
	}
}
@keyframes shine{
	100%{
		left:125%;
	}
}


@-webkit-keyframes ripple{
  0%{
    -webkit-transform:scale(1);
            transform:scale(1);
    opacity:0;
 }
  30%{
    opacity:0.4;
 }
  100%{
    -webkit-transform:scale(1.5);
            transform:scale(1.5);
    opacity:0;
 }
}

@keyframes ripple{
  0%{
    -webkit-transform:scale(1);
            transform:scale(1);
    opacity:0;
 }
  30%{
    opacity:0.4;
 }
  100%{
    -webkit-transform:scale(1.5);
            transform:scale(1.5);
    opacity:0;
 }
}

@keyframes pulse1{
    0%{
        transform:scale(1);
   }
    50%{
        transform:scale(0.9);
   }
    100%{
        transform:scale(1);
   }
}
.movingX{
  animation:movingX 8s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes movingX{
  0%{
    transform:translateX(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:translateX(50px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateX(0);
 }
}

.moving{
  animation:moving 8s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes moving{
  0%{
    transform:translateX(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:translateX(-50px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateX(0);
 }
}

.jump{
  animation:jumpAni 7s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes jumpAni{
  0%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
  40%{
    transform:translateY(-30px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
}

.jump-reverse{
  animation:jumpReverseAni 7s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes jumpReverseAni{
  0%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:translateY(30px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
}

.spin{
  animation:spin 15s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes spin{
  0%{
    transform:rotate(0);
 }
  100%{
    transform:rotate(360deg);
 }
}

@keyframes rotate{
  0%{
    transform:rotate(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:rotate(40deg);
 }
  100%{
    transform:rotate(0);
 }
}



@keyframes animate-positive{
  0%{
    width:0;
 } 
}

@keyframes spinZ{
  100%{
    transform:rotateZ(360deg);
  }
}
.scalein.as-animated{
  --animation-name:scalein;
}

.slidetopleft.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slidetopleft;
}

.slidebottomright.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slidebottomright;
}

.slideinleft.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slideinleft;
}

.slideinright.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slideinright;
}

.slideinup.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slideinup;
}

.slideindown.as-animated{
  --animation-name:slideindown;
}
.rollinleft.as-animated{
  --animation-name:rollinleft;
}
.rollinright.as-animated{
  --animation-name:rollinright;
}

@-webkit-keyframes animatePos{
  0%{
	transform:translateX(100px);
	opacity:0;

	
 }

  100%{
	transform:translateX(0px);
	opacity:1;
 }
}
@keyframes animatePos{
  0%{
	transform:translateX(100px);
	opacity:0;

	
 }

  100%{
	transform:translateX(0px);
	opacity:1;
 }
}
@-webkit-keyframes movingY{
  0%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:translateY(-5px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
}

@keyframes movingY{
  0%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
  50%{
    transform:translateY(-5px);
 }
  100%{
    transform:translateY(0);
 }
}

@-webkit-keyframes circle{
	0%{
		opacity:1;
	}
	40%{
		opacity:1;
	}
	100%{
		width:120%;
		height:120%;
		opacity:0;
	}
}
@keyframes circle{
	0%{
		opacity:1;
	}
	40%{
		opacity:1;
	}
	100%{
		width:120%;
		height:120%;
		opacity:0;
	}
}

@-webkit-keyframes animate-stripes{
  from{
    background-position:0 0;
}
  
  to{
   background-position:44px 0;
}
}

/*************
* FadeInRight *
*************/

@-webkit-keyframes fadeInRight{
    0%{
        opacity: 0;
        -webkit-transform: translateX(400px);
    } 
    50%{
       opacity: 0.3;
    }
    100%{
        opacity: 1;
        -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
    } 
} 
@keyframes fadeInRight{
    0%{
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(400px);
    } 
    50%{
       opacity: 0.3;
    }
    100%{
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    } 
} 
.fadeInRight{
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-transform: translateX(400px);
    transform: translateX(400px);
}

/*************
* FadeInLeft *
*************/

@-webkit-keyframes fadeInLeft{
    0%{
        opacity: 0;
        -webkit-transform: translateX(-400px);
    } 
    50%{
       opacity: 0.3;
    }
    100%{
        opacity: 1;
        -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
    } 
} 
@keyframes fadeInLeft{
    0%{
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-400px);
    } 
    50%{
       opacity: 0.3;
    }
    100%{
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    } 
} 
.fadeInLeft{
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-transform: translateX(-400px);
    transform: translateX(-400px);
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeInDown{
  0%{
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-transform: translateY(-50px);
    transform: translateY(-50px);
  }

  100%{
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-transform: translateY(0);
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

@keyframes fadeInDown{
  0%{
    opacity: 0;
    -webkit-transform: translateY(-50px);
    -ms-transform: translateY(-50px);
    transform: translateY(-50px);
  }

  100%{
    opacity: 1;
    -webkit-transform: translateY(0);
    -ms-transform: translateY(0);
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}
/***************************************************************************/

.fadeInUp.animate{
visibility: visible;
	-webkit-animation-name: fadeInUp;
	animation-name: fadeInUp;
	-webkit-animation-duration: 2000ms;
	animation-duration: 2000ms;
	-webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-delay: 100ms;
}

.fadeInRight.animate{
visibility: visible;
	-webkit-animation-name: fadeInRight;
	animation-name: fadeInRight;
	-webkit-animation-duration: 1000ms;
	animation-duration: 1000ms;
	-webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-delay: 100ms;
}
.fadeInLeft.animate{
visibility: visible;
	-webkit-animation-name: fadeInLeft;
	animation-name: fadeInLeft;
	-webkit-animation-duration: 2000ms;
	animation-duration: 2000ms;
	-webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-delay: 100ms;
}
.zoomInUp.animate{
visibility: visible;
	-webkit-animation-name: zoomInUp;
	animation-name: zoomInUp;
	-webkit-animation-duration:2000ms;
	animation-duration: 2000ms;
	-webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-delay: 100ms;
	z-index:1;
}
.zoomInDown.animate{
visibility: visible;
	-webkit-animation-name: zoomInDown;
	animation-name: zoomInDown;
	-webkit-animation-duration:2000ms;
	animation-duration: 2000ms;
	-webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-fill-mode: both;
	animation-delay: 100ms;
	z-index:1;
}
/*=================================
    05. Spacing
==================================*/
/*-- Padding Left And Right --*/
.px-5{
  padding-right:5px;
  padding-left:5px;
}

.px-10{
  padding-right:10px;
  padding-left:10px;
}

.px-15{
  padding-right:15px;
  padding-left:15px;
}

.px-20{
  padding-right:20px;
  padding-left:20px;
}

.px-25{
  padding-right:25px;
  padding-left:25px;
}

.px-30{
  padding-right:30px;
  padding-left:30px;
}

.px-35{
  padding-right:35px;
  padding-left:35px;
}

.px-40{
  padding-right:40px;
  padding-left:40px;
}

.px-45{
  padding-right:45px;
  padding-left:45px;
}

.px-50{
  padding-right:50px;
  padding-left:50px;
}

/*-- Padding Top And Bottom --*/
.py-5{
  padding-top:5px;
  padding-bottom:5px;
}

.py-10{
  padding-top:10px;
  padding-bottom:10px;
}

.py-15{
  padding-top:15px;
  padding-bottom:15px;
}

.py-20{
  padding-top:20px;
  padding-bottom:20px;
}

.py-25{
  padding-top:25px;
  padding-bottom:25px;
}

.py-30{
  padding-top:30px;
  padding-bottom:30px;
}

.py-35{
  padding-top:35px;
  padding-bottom:35px;
}

.py-40{
  padding-top:40px;
  padding-bottom:40px;
}

.py-45{
  padding-top:45px;
  padding-bottom:45px;
}

.py-50{
  padding-top:50px;
  padding-bottom:50px;
}

/*-- Padding Top --*/
.pt-5{
  padding-top:5px;
}

.pt-10{
  padding-top:10px;
}

.pt-15{
  padding-top:15px;
}

.pt-20{
  padding-top:20px;
}

.pt-25{
  padding-top:25px;
}

.pt-30{
  padding-top:30px;
}

.pt-35{
  padding-top:35px;
}

.pt-40{
  padding-top:40px;
}

.pt-45{
  padding-top:45px;
}

.pt-50{
  padding-top:50px;
}

/*-- Padding Bottom --*/
.pb-5{
  padding-bottom:5px;
}

.pb-10{
  padding-bottom:10px;
}

.pb-15{
  padding-bottom:15px;
}

.pb-20{
  padding-bottom:20px;
}

.pb-25{
  padding-bottom:25px;
}

.pb-30{
  padding-bottom:30px;
}

.pb-35{
  padding-bottom:35px;
}

.pb-40{
  padding-bottom:40px;
}

.pb-45{
  padding-bottom:45px;
}

.pb-50{
  padding-bottom:50px;
}

/*-- Padding Left --*/
.pl-5{
  padding-left:5px;
}

.pl-10{
  padding-left:10px;
}

.pl-15{
  padding-left:15px;
}

.pl-20{
  padding-left:20px;
}

.pl-25{
  padding-left:25px;
}

.pl-30{
  padding-left:30px;
}

.pl-35{
  padding-left:35px;
}

.pl-40{
  padding-left:40px;
}

.pl-45{
  padding-left:45px;
}

.pl-50{
  padding-left:50px;
}

/*-- Padding Right --*/
.pr-5{
  padding-right:5px;
}

.pr-10{
  padding-right:10px;
}

.pr-15{
  padding-right:15px;
}

.pr-20{
  padding-right:20px;
}

.pr-25{
  padding-right:25px;
}

.pr-30{
  padding-right:30px;
}

.pr-35{
  padding-right:35px;
}

.pr-40{
  padding-right:40px;
}

.pr-45{
  padding-right:45px;
}

.pr-50{
  padding-right:50px;
}

/*-- margin Left And Right --*/
.mx-5{
  margin-right:5px;
  margin-left:5px;
}

.mx-10{
  margin-right:10px;
  margin-left:10px;
}

.mx-15{
  margin-right:15px;
  margin-left:15px;
}

.mx-20{
  margin-right:20px;
  margin-left:20px;
}

.mx-25{
  margin-right:25px;
  margin-left:25px;
}

.mx-30{
  margin-right:30px;
  margin-left:30px;
}

.mx-35{
  margin-right:35px;
  margin-left:35px;
}

.mx-40{
  margin-right:40px;
  margin-left:40px;
}

.mx-45{
  margin-right:45px;
  margin-left:45px;
}

.mx-50{
  margin-right:50px;
  margin-left:50px;
}

/*-- margin Top And Bottom --*/
.my-5{
  margin-top:5px;
  margin-bottom:5px;
}

.my-10{
  margin-top:10px;
  margin-bottom:10px;
}

.my-15{
  margin-top:15px;
  margin-bottom:15px;
}

.my-20{
  margin-top:20px;
  margin-bottom:20px;
}

.my-25{
  margin-top:25px;
  margin-bottom:25px;
}

.my-30{
  margin-top:30px;
  margin-bottom:30px;
}

.my-35{
  margin-top:35px;
  margin-bottom:35px;
}

.my-40{
  margin-top:40px;
  margin-bottom:40px;
}

.my-45{
  margin-top:45px;
  margin-bottom:45px;
}

.my-50{
  margin-top:50px;
  margin-bottom:50px;
}

/*-- margin Top --*/
.mt-5{
  margin-top:5px;
}

.mt-10{
  margin-top:10px;
}

.mt-15{
  margin-top:15px;
}

.mt-20{
  margin-top:20px;
}

.mt-25{
  margin-top:25px;
}

.mt-30{
  margin-top:30px;
}

.mt-35{
  margin-top:35px;
}

.mt-40{
  margin-top:40px;
}

.mt-45{
  margin-top:45px;
}

.mt-50{
  margin-top:50px;
}

/*-- margin Bottom --*/
.mb-10{
  margin-bottom:10px;
}

.mb-15{
  margin-bottom:15px;
}

.mb-20{
  margin-bottom:20px;
}

.mb-25{
  margin-bottom:25px;
}

.mb-30{
  margin-bottom:30px;
}

.mb-35{
  margin-bottom:35px;
}

.mb-40{
  margin-bottom:40px;
}

.mb-45{
  margin-bottom:45px;
}

.mb-50{
  margin-bottom:50px;
}

/*-- margin Left --*/
.ml-5{
  margin-left:5px;
}

.ml-10{
  margin-left:10px;
}

.ml-15{
  margin-left:15px;
}

.ml-20{
  margin-left:20px;
}

.ml-25{
  margin-left:25px;
}

.ml-30{
  margin-left:30px;
}

.ml-35{
  margin-left:35px;
}

.ml-40{
  margin-left:40px;
}

.ml-45{
  margin-left:45px;
}

.ml-50{
  margin-left:50px;
}

/*-- margin Right --*/
.mr-5{
  margin-right:5px;
}

.mr-10{
  margin-right:10px;
}

.mr-15{
  margin-right:15px;
}

.mr-20{
  margin-right:20px;
}

.mr-25{
  margin-right:25px;
}

.mr-30{
  margin-right:30px;
}

.mr-35{
  margin-right:35px;
}

.mr-40{
  margin-right:40px;
}

.mr-45{
  margin-right:45px;
}

.mr-50{
  margin-right:50px;
}

.mb-60{
  margin-bottom:60px;
}

.mt-n1{
  margin-top:-.25rem;
}

.mt-n2{
  margin-top:-.5rem;
}

.mt-n3{
  margin-top:-1rem;
}

.mt-n4{
  margin-top:-1.5rem;
}

.mt-n5{
  margin-top:-3rem;
}

.mb-n1{
  margin-bottom:-.25rem;
}

.mb-n2{
  margin-bottom:-.5rem;
}

.mb-n3{
  margin-bottom:-1rem;
}

.mb-n4{
  margin-bottom:-1.5rem;
}

.mb-n5{
  margin-bottom:-3rem;
}

.glow-wrap{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;margin-top:-10px;z-index:3;}
.glow{position:absolute;top:0;left:-75%;z-index:2;display:block;content:'';width:50%;height:100%;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.1) 100%);background:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.1) 100%);-webkit-transform:skewX(-25deg);transform:skewX(-25deg);}
.about-us{position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
.aboutus-right:hover .glow{/*-webkit-animation:shine 1s;animation:shine 1s;*/}
.aboutus-right::before{position:absolute;content:"\f026";top:60px;left:-10px;width:150px;height:150px;font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free','Font Awesome 5 Free',FontAwesome;font-size:120px;transform:rotate(35deg);}
.aboutus-right{position:relative;}
/********************************/
a:link,a:visited,a strong{text-decoration:none;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
a:hover,.btn:hover{transition:all 0.3s linear 0s;outline:none;}
a:focus{outline:none;}
.btn,.btn.btn-primary,.btn.btn-secondary,.btn.btn-danger,p.readmore .btn, p.readmore .blog-list .item-readmore a, .blog-list .item-readmore p.readmore a{transition:all 0.3s linear 0s;border-radius:0px;line-height:1;padding:8px 10px;position:relative;}
.btn.btn-primary:hover,.btn.btn-primary:focus{background-color:var(--color-primary-dark);color:#fff;}
.glow-wrap{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;margin-top:-10px;z-index:3;}
.glow{position:absolute;top:-100%;left:-100%;z-index:2;display:block;content:'';width:100%;height:100%;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.1) 100%);background:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.1) 100%);-webkit-transform:skewX(-25deg);transform:skewX(-25deg);}
.arrow{position:relative;padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px;}
.btn.arrow{padding-right:40px;padding-left:15px;line-height:1;}
.arrow::after{position:absolute;font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';content:"\f30b";font-weight:900;bottom:10px;right:20px;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.btn.arrow:hover::after{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;right:15px}

.t4-module{margin-bottom:2rem;}
.t4-module:first-child{}
.blog-list .item-readmore a{line-height:1;padding:5px 10px;border-radius:0px;}
.box-shadow{-webkit-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);-moz-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);}
.border-rad5{border-radius:5px;}
.border-rad10{border-radius:10px;}
.border-rad20{border-radius:20px;}
.brad-100{border-radius:100px;z-index:1}

.ptop40{padding-top:40px;}
.ptop60{padding-top:60px;}
.ptop100{padding-top:100px;}
.ptop125{padding-top:125px;}
.ptop150{padding-top:150px;}
.ptop200{padding-top:200px;}

.mb-100{margin-bottom:-100px;}
.mb-125{margin-bottom:-125px;}

.pbot40{padding-bottom:40px;}
.pbot60{padding-bottom:60px;}
.pbot100{padding-bottom:100px;}
.pbot125{padding-bottom:125px;}
.pbot150{padding-bottom:150px;}
.pbot200{padding-bottom:200px;}

.dotborder{padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px;}
.pad10{padding:10px}
.pad15{padding:15px}
.pad20{padding:20px}


.com-content-category-blog.blog.elsevier .pull-left.item-image{width:42%}
.blog.elsevier .blog-items .blog-item,.blog-featured .blog-items .blog-item{margin-bottom:2.5rem;}
input:autofill{/* or any other */}
input{filter:none;}
input.form-control,textarea.form-control,select,.form-control,.form-select,textarea,input{width:100%;-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;}
.mod-finder .btn-primary{border-radius:3px!important;margin-left:15px!important;max-height:30px;}
.t4-topbar .mod-finder input.js-finder-search-query,.t4-topbar .mod-finder .btn{max-height:30px;}

.t4-topbar .mod-finder input.js-finder-search-query{min-width:220px;font-size:14px;}
.t4-topbar .mod-finder input.js-finder-search-query:focus{min-width:230px;}

blockquote{padding:16px 20px 16px 80px;font-size:18px;font-style:italic;margin:40px 0;line-height:30px;position:relative;clear:both;}
.registration fieldset{padding-top:2rem}
.registration fieldset legend{z-index:1;background:none;text-transform:none}
.registration fieldset::before{display:none;}
.t4-offcanvas .t4-off-canvas-header .close span{line-height:32px;}
.c-offcanvas--right{overflow:unset;}
.pagenavigation .pagination a span{padding:0px 1px}
@media only screen and (min-width:1300px){
body.layout-boxed .t4-content-inner,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .t4-content-inner,body.layout-boxed-nocomponent .t4-content-inner{width:1320px;box-shadow:0 3px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);-moz-box-shadow:0 3px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);position:relative;z-index:1;margin:0px auto;overflow:hidden;}
}
body.layout-boxed .t4-content,body.layout-boxed-nocomponent  .t4-content{min-height:100vh;}
body.layout-boxed #t4-header,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg  #t4-header{z-index:10;width:inherit;}
body.layout-boxed .t4-header .t4-header-r-wrap,body.layout-boxed .t4-header .header-top,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .t4-header-r-wrap,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .header-top , body.layout-boxed-nomainbody .t4-header-r-wrap,body.layout-boxed-nomainbody .header-top{margin-right:-0.8rem}
body.layout-boxed .header-right-wrap2{padding-left:1rem;}
body.layout-boxed .logo-wrap,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .logo-wrap,body.layout-boxed-nomainbody .logo-wrap{padding-right:30px;overflow-x:hidden;}
body.layout-boxed .t4-header .t4-header-r-wrap::after,body.layout-boxed .t4-header .header-top::after,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .t4-header-r-wrap::after,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .header-top::after,body.layout-boxed-nomainbody .t4-header-r-wrap::after,body.layout-boxed-nomainbody .header-top::after{display:none;}
body.layout-boxed  div.content-elsevier, div.register-elsevier {left:auto;transform: translateX(-50%);}

body.layout-boxed .header-shape1,body.layout-boxed-nocomponent .header-shape1{width:1320px;max-width:1320px;clip-path:none;border-radius:0px;}
body.layout-boxed .positioncenter.owl-carousel .owl-nav,body.layout-boxed-nocomponent .positioncenter.owl-carousel .owl-nav{z-index:1}
body.layout-boxed .jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev, body.layout-boxed-nocomponent .jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{left:-10px;}
body.layout-boxed .jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next,body.layout-boxed-nocomponent .jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next {right:-10px;}

.t4-module.module,.moduletable{position:relative;}
.layout-noroundedbg .t4-module.module,.layout-noroundedbg .moduletable,.layout-noroundedbg .mainbody.elsevier{background:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}
.layout-noroundedbg .jt-playlist.toplist .playlist-wrap.style1 ul.playlist-items{border-radius:0px;padding:0px 0px 15px 10px;}
.mod-preview{position:relative;}
.t4-content-inner{overflow:hidden;}
.centered{text-align:center;}
.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase;}
.noborder,h3.noborder span{border:0;}
#t3-content .item-page img,#t3-content img,.t3-sidebar img,img{max-width:100%;}
.mainbody-block .left.item-image img,.pull-left.item-image, .item-image.pull-left{margin-right:30px;margin-top:10px;}
.mainbody-block .right.item-image img,.pull-right.item-image, .item-image.pull-right{margin-left:30px;margin-top:10px;}
.mainbody-block .none.item-image{margin-bottom:30px;}
.article-aside.elsevier [class^="icon-"],.article-aside.elsevier [class*=" icon-"]{margin-right:6px}
.article-aside.elsevier dd{margin-right:16px;padding-right:20px;font-size:14px;}
.article-aside.elsevier .article-info dd::after{content:"";display:none;margin:0;}
.item-page .page-header h2,.item-page .page-header .h2{margin-bottom:14px;font-weight:600;}
p.readmore .btn, p.readmore .blog-list .item-readmore a, .blog-list .item-readmore p.readmore a{background-color:var(--color-primary)}
/********************************************************/
.pagenavigation .pagination a{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:1;padding:8px 15px;margin-right:5px;margin-bottom:10px;}
.logo-image{display:grid;align-items:center;min-height:88px;min-width:153px;}
.navbar-brand.logo-control img.logo-img {max-height:none;}
#t4-header{box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(50,50,50,0.04);z-index:99;}
.not-at-top .t4-sticky{position:fixed;animation:fadeInDown 0.8s;-moz-animation:fadeInDown 0.8s;-webkit-animation:fadeInDown 0.8s;-o-animation:fadeInDown 0.8s;opacity:1;z-index:9;top:0!important}
.not-at-top #t4-header.t4-sticky{position:fixed;animation:fadeInDown 0.5s;-moz-animation:fadeInDown 0.5s;-webkit-animation:fadeInDown 0.5s;-o-animation:fadeInDown 0.5s;opacity:1;z-index:10;width:100%;top:0!important}

body.layout-boxed.not-at-top #t4-header.t4-sticky{width:inherit;}

.header-right-wrap{width:100%;}
.logo-wrap{position:relative;z-index:9;padding-top:30px;padding-right:68px;padding-left:1rem;}
.logo-wrap::before{position:absolute;content:"";height:100%;right:0;top:0;width:10000%;z-index:-1;}
.header-right-wrap2{padding-left:3rem;}
.t4-header-r-wrap{position:relative;}
.t4-header-r-wrap::after{height:90px;left:0%;content:"";width:1000%;position:absolute;bottom:0;z-index:0;z-index:-1;}

.header-top{min-height:60px;line-height:1;position:relative;color:#fff;align-items:center;padding-left:4rem;padding-right:15px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-right:25px;}
.header-top p,.header-top div,.header-top{position:relative;z-index:5;margin:0;}
.header-top,.header-top p{color:#fff;}
.header-top::after{position:absolute;content:"";height:100%;right:0;top:0;width:10000%;margin:0 -5000%;z-index:0;}
.header-top-1{flex-grow:3;}
.header-top-2{padding-right:15px;}
.header-top-3{padding-left:15px;}


/*
	==================================================
		TOPBAR
	==================================================
*/ 
.topbar *{}
.t4-topbar{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;}
.t4-topbar .container{background-color:transparent;}
.topbar{min-height:39px;}
.topbar-m{justify-content:flex-end;display:flex;}
.topbar-r{justify-content:flex-end;display:flex;}
.topbar-m[class*=' col-']{padding-right:0px;}
.topbar-r[class*=' col-']{padding-left:0px;}

ul.top_social_icons,ul.top_contact_info,.topbar ul.menu{justify-content:flex-start;}
ul.top_social_icons,ul.top_contact_info,.topbar ul.menu,ul.social_icons{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;padding-left:0;margin:0;}
ul.top_social_icons li,ul.top_contact_info li,ul.social_icons li{list-style:none;padding:0 0px 0 0px;}
ul.top_social_icons li a{margin:0 0px 0 0;display:grid;place-items:center;position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
.topbar-l i{margin-right:10px}
.topbar ul.social_icons li a, .topbar, .topbar p, .topbar div, .topbar a{line-height: 1;}

.mod-finder.elsevier .input-container{position:relative;}
.mod-finder.elsevier .input-container .icon-search{position:absolute;right:10px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%)}
.mod-finder.elsevier .btn .icon-search{display:none;}
p.herader-info,.topbar p{align-items: center;}


.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier div.arrows{float:left;width:auto;margin-top:2px;}
.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier div.arrows a{display: block;float: left;height: 13px;width: 13px;margin: 2px 0 0 2px;background: transparent url('../images/interface.png') no-repeat 0 0;cursor: pointer;}
.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier .gkHighlighterWrapperSub{margin-left:40px;line-height:1.2;min-height:0px}
.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier div.arrows a.next{background-position: right 0;}
.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier .gkHighlighterInterface span.text{padding-bottom:4px;padding-top:4px;line-height:1}
.gkHighlighterGK5.elsevier .gkHighlighterItem{font-size:13px;margin-top:2px}

.mod-languages.elsevier .btn{border-radius:0px;border:0;line-height:1;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0; color:var(--body-text-color)}
.mod-languages.elsevier .btn.show,.mod-languages.elsevier .btn:hover,.mod-languages.elsevier .btn:focus{background-color:transparent;}
.mod-languages.elsevier ul.dropdown-menu{border-radius:0px;}
.mod-languages.elsevier ul.dropdown-menu.show{transform: translate(0px, 29px)!important;border-color:var(--border-color)}
.mod-languages.elsevier .dropdown-toggle::after{display: inline-block;margin-left: 0.255em;vertical-align: middle;content: "\f078";border-top: 0;border-right: 0;border-bottom: 0;border-left: 0;font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-weight:900;font-size:10px;}
/*
	==================================================
		HEADER
	==================================================
*/
.header-wrap.border-radius{padding-left:30px}


/*
	==================================================
		NAVBAR
	==================================================
*/ 
.t4-nav-height-sm .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a, .t4-nav-height-sm .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link {height: 50px;line-height: 30px;}
.t4-navbar{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;flex-grow:5;min-height:100px;}
.t4-header .navbar-outer{display:flex;}
.t4-header .navbar-inset{display:flex;flex-grow: 1;justify-content:flex-end;}
.t4-header .nav-login .elsevier{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:50px;gap:10px;padding-right:20px}
.navbar.navbar-expand-lg{position:relative;flex-grow: 1;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu{-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 5px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);-moz-box-shadow: 0px 5px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);box-shadow: 0px 5px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu .dropdown-menu-inner,.t4-megamenu.animate.slide .dropdown > .dropdown-menu > div{min-width:210px!important;width:max-content;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li.active > a {color:var(--color-primary);}
.t4-navbar .navbar-nav > li:hover > a::before{width:calc(100% - 2rem);}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-item{transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;cursor:pointer}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-item:hover, .t4-navbar .dropdown-item:focus{background:none;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-item:hover,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a:hover, .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item:hover{padding-left:2rem;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  a:hover::before,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  .separator:hover::before{padding-left:10px;}
.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item span{position: relative;}
.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item span::before{width:2px;height:10px;opacity: 0;position:absolute;top:0px;Left: 50%;transform: translateX(-100%) translateY(-100%);content: "";transition: all 0.3s linear 0s;}
.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item:hover span::before,.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item.active span::before{opacity: 1;position: absolute;top:0px;left: 50%;transform: translateX(-100%) translateY(0%);transition: all 0.3s linear 0s;}
.navbar-outer .active a.nav-link,.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:hover, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:focus, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:hover, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:focus, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:active{color:var(--color-primary);}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:hover .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:focus .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:active .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:hover .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:focus .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link:active .item-caret,.t4-megamenu .nav > .dropdown > .nav-link:hover .item-caret::before {border-top-color: var(--color-primary);color: var(--color-primary);}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > .nav-link {color: var(--mainnav-link-active-color);background-color:var(--color-primary)}

.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > a .item-caret:hover, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > .nav-link .item-caret:hover,.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > a:hover .item-caret,.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > .nav-link:hover .item-caret, .t4-megamenu .nav > .active.dropdown > .nav-link:hover .item-caret::before{color:#fff;border-top-color:#fff;}

.mainnav .container-lg{padding-left:50px;}
.mainnav #triggerButton.btn.active,.mainnav #triggerButton.btn:focus{background:none;background-color:transparent;}
.t4-offcanvas-toggle{position:absolute;top:0.5rem;left:10px;z-index:9;}
.t4-offcanvas-toggle i{font-size:20px;color: #fff;}

.t4-megamenu .nav [class^="icon-"], .t4-megamenu .nav [class*=" icon-"], .t4-megamenu .nav .fa{margin-right:0.45rem;}
.t4-megamenu .nav [class^="icon-"], .t4-megamenu .nav [class*=" icon-"], .t4-megamenu .nav .fa{transition:all 0.3s linear 0s;}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu .nav-item::before,.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu .nav-item span::before{display:none;}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu{}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:hover  i.icon-n-earphone{}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu{padding:0rem;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item{}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a:hover,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link:hover,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item:hover{color: var(--color-primary);}
.t4-megamenu .nav > .dropdown > .nav-link .item-caret,.t4-megamenu .nav > .dropdown > .dropdown-toggle .item-caret{border:0;margin-left:0.25rem;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-4px;margin-left:5px;}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-item.dropdown-toggle::after{right:-0.6rem}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-item .item-caret{margin-left: 0.25rem;vertical-align: middle;right: 0;top:50%;position: absolute;transform:translateY(-50%)}
.t4-megamenu .nav > .dropdown > .nav-link .item-caret::before{content:"\f078";font-style:normal;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:400;font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free','Font Awesome 5 Free',FontAwesome;text-transform:none;border:0}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-toggle .item-caret{border:0;}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a,.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link{transition:all 0.3s linear 0s;font-size:1rem;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  a{position:relative;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  a::before,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  .separator::before{content:"";position: absolute;top:50%;left:10px;transform:translateY(-50%);-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;-ms-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;-o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;width:0px;height:2px;}
.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li>  a:hover::before,.t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li >  .separator:hover::before{transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out 0s;width:15px;}
.t4-megamenu .mega-caption{left:25px;text-transform:none;position:relative;}

.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu::before{}
.t4-megamenu.animate.slide .dropdown.show.animating > .dropdown-menu{}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu.level1.show::before{}
.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu.show::before{}

.t4-header-m{flex-grow:1;justify-content:space-evenly;}
.t4-header-r-wrap{flex-grow:0;justify-content:flex-start;z-index:1;padding-right:15px;}
.t4-header-r p,.t4-header-m p{margin-bottom:0;}

/***************/
.t4-main-body{padding-top:2rem;}
/*************JT Login ***********/
.modal-backdrop{z-index:3;}
body.modal-open .modal{background-color:transparent;border-radius:0px;top:10%;bottom:10%;left:0%;margin-left:0%;overflow:hidden;height:auto;width:100%;}
body.modal-open .header-top{max-height:60px;}
body.modal-open .header-top-1,body.modal-open .header-top-2{visibility:hidden}
body.modal-open .header-top-3 .modal-toggle.register,body.modal-open .header-top-3 .modal-toggle{display:none;}
#jtl .elsevier .form-group{margin-bottom:1rem !important;}
#jtl .elsevier .modal-dialog .modal-content ,#jt-login-dropdown-elsevier,#jtl-content-register-elsevier{padding:20px 30px 20px 30px;border-radius:0px;}
#jtl .elsevier .modal-dialog .modal-content small,.header-top #jtl-content-register-elsevier small{font-size:0.7rem;margin-bottom:10px;display:block;}
#jtl .elsevier .modal-dialog .modal-content .jtl-label,.header-top #jtl-content-register-elsevier .jtl-label{font-size:0.9rem;margin-bottom:5px;}
#jt-login-dropdown-elsevier,#jtl-content-register-elsevier{min-width:360px;left:-180px;}
#jtl .elsevier button.login,#jtl .elsevier button.register,#jtl .elsevier button.modal-toggle{background:none;color:#fff;padding:3px 8px;margin:0 3px;}
#jtl .elsevier button.login,#jtl .elsevier button.register{position:relative;width:20px;height:20px}
#jtl .elsevier button.login::before{position:absolute;top:0px;height:100%;content:"\f007";font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free';}
#jtl .elsevier button.register::before{position:absolute;top:0px;height:100%;content:"\f2bb";font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free';}
#jtl .elsevier .content-elsevier,#jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier{min-width:300px; background-color:var(--containerbg-color)}
#jtl .elsevier .form-group-text, #jtl .elsevier .btn-secondary.input-password-toggle,#jtl .input-group-text{ border:1px solid var(--border-color)}
.mod-login-logout.form-vertical.elsevier{display:flex;}
/***********JT SEARCH************/
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .mod-jtsearch .awesomplete{position:absolute}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .search-btn{background-color: transparent;color:#fff;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier{height:50px}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .btn{position:relative;width:56px;height:56px;max-height:none;right:0em;top:0%;transform:translateY(0%);border-radius:100%;font-size:30px;cursor:pointer;transition:background-color 300ms ease-in,color 300ms ease-in;line-height:1;padding:0px;display:grid;place-items:center;z-index:1;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier [class^="icon-"],.jt-search-wrap.elsevier [class*=" icon-"]{font-size:1rem;margin-right:0;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .icon-close::before{font-size:14px;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .jt-search.container{min-width:300px;background-color:var(--color-secondary)!important;left:-244px;height:100px; z-index:-1;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .jt-search.container.show{max-width:100%!important;opacity:1;visibility:visible;width:150%;height:100%;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;border-radius:0; z-index:1; height:100px}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .btn.close-btn{width:20px;height:20px;position:absolute;top:5px;right:5px;border-width:0px;font-size:22px;border-radius:0px;-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .btn.close-btn:hover{border-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);background-color:transparent;color:#fff;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .mod-jtsearch input[type="text"],.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .mod-jtsearch .awesomplete input[type="text"]{width:268px;top:50%;max-width:100%;font-size:0.9rem;height:30px;background-color:transparent;color:#fff;border-radius:0px;left:0;padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.20);}
.popup-search-box{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:40px;cursor:auto;width:100%;max-width:700px;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(0);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(0);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(0);-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform ease 0.4s;transition:-webkit-transform ease 0.4s;transition:transform ease 0.4s;transition:transform ease 0.4s,-webkit-transform ease 0.4s;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .jt-search.container.elsevier.show .popup-search-box{-webkit-transition-delay:0.5s;transition-delay:0.5s;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1);}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier .mod-jtsearch .popup-search-box::after{position:absolute;right:40px;top:50%;content:"\e803";z-index:9;color:#fff;font-family:'fontello';font-size:24px;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);}
.header-block.fastfood .header-m{display:flex;gap:10px;}
.jt-search-wrap.elsevier  nav {height: auto;}
@media (min-width:1200px){
body.layout-boxed.not-at-top .t4-sticky{width:1320px!important;-webkit-box-shadow:0px 5px 15px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);-moz-box-shadow:0px 5px 15px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:0px 5px 15px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);}
}
/*
	==================================================
		SLIDER
	==================================================
*/ 
.t4-slider{margin-top:-172px;z-index:1;}
body.dot-overlay .n2-ss-slide-background::after{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;content:"";background:url(../images/dots-overlay.png);top:0;left:0;display:block!important;z-index:5}
.slider .as-btn.primary,.slider .as-btn.warning.fastfood{margin-left:20px;}
.n2-ss-control-bullet{position:relative;}
div#n2-ss-1 .nextend-bullet-bar .n2-bullet.n2-active,div#n2-ss-1 .nextend-bullet-bar .n2-bullet{display:grid;place-items:center;font-size:75%;position:relative;}
.n2-ss-control-bullet::before{width:20px;height:100px;position:absolute;content:"";top:-100%;left:50%;background:url(../images/dot_line.png) no-repeat center bottom;visibility:visible;transform:translateX(-10px);}
.n2-ss-control-bullet::after{width:20px;height:100px;position:absolute;content:"";bottom:-100%;left:50%;background:url(../images/dot_line_2.png) no-repeat center top;visibility:visible;transform:translateX(-10px);}
div#n2-ss-1 .nextend-bullet-bar .n2-bullet.n2-active::after,div#n2-ss-1 .nextend-bullet-bar .n2-bullet::after{width:calc(100% + 6px);height:calc(100% + 4px);position:absolute;content:"";bottom:-3px;left:-3px;visibility:visible;display:block;border-radius:100%;}
.t4-slider .n2-ss-slider .n2-ss-slide-backgrounds::before{/*position: absolute;content: "";width:60%;height: 200%;left:0%;top: -50px;z-index:11;display: block;transform-origin: top right;-ms-transform: skew(-17deg,0deg);-webkit-transform: skew(-17deg,0deg);transform: skew(-17deg,0deg);opacity: 0.85;-webkit-box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);-moz-box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);*/}
.t4-slider .n2-ss-slider .n2-ss-slide-backgrounds::after{/*position:absolute;content:"";width:100%;height:200%;left:-70%;top:-50px;z-index:11;display:block;transform-origin:top right;-ms-transform:skew(-17deg,0deg);-webkit-transform:skew(-17deg,0deg);transform:skew(-17deg,0deg);-webkit-box-shadow:5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);-moz-box-shadow:5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);box-shadow:5px 5px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);*/}
/*********/
/*
	==================================================
		SUBSLIDER-0
	==================================================
*/ 
.t4-subslider-0{margin-bottom:4rem;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.t4-subslider-0 .container{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px;margin-top:-50px;z-index:3;-webkit-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);-moz-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);}
.subslider-0{position:relative;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;padding:15px}
.subslider-icon-text{display:flex;}
.subslider-icon-text i{font-size:60px;margin-right:15px;}
.subslider-title{font-size:24px;font-weight:500;padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px;display:inline-block;}
.bordered-title{font-weight:500;padding-bottom:10px}
.subslider-text{padding-right:15px}
.dashedborder{padding:15px}
.subslider-0::after,.dottedborder::after{}
.subslider-0:hover::after,.dottedborder:hover::after{}
.subslider-0:hover{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.subslider-0 .t4-module.module,.subslider-0 .moduletable{margin-bottom:0;position:relative;z-index:2;}
.subslider-0 [class*='col-'] i, .subslider-0 [class*='col-'] i{transition: all 0.4s linear 0s;}
.subslider-0 [class*='col-']:hover i, .subslider-0 [class*='col-']:focus i{transition: all 0.4s linear 0s;-webkit-transform: translateY(-8px);transform: translateY(-8px);}


/*
	==================================================
		INFINITE NEWS - JT INFINITE CONTENT
	==================================================
*/ 
.jt-ic.elsevier .load-more__btn-wrap .btn{border-radius:3px;}
.jtic_item_wrapper.jt-ic.elsevier .jt-title{font-weight:600}
.jt-ic.elsevier .load-more__item{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}
.jtic_item_wrapper.jt-ic.elsevier .jt-author-date{color:var(--color-graydark);font-size:80%;margin-bottom:7px;gap: 7px;}
.jtic_item_wrapper.jt-ic.elsevier .jt-author-date i{margin-right:4px}
.jt-ic.elsevier .jt-introtext{text-align: justify;}

/*
	==================================================
		HEADLINE NEWS - HEADLINE JT5
	==================================================
*/
#jt5_headline-news_wrapper.elsevier h2,#jt5_headline-news_wrapper.elsevier h2 a{padding:0;color:var(--heading-color)!important;}
.elsevier .contentdiv i,.elsevier .hjt5-author-date i{margin-right:5px;}
.elsevier .multiplerows .hjt5-author-date{padding:0;margin-bottom:5px;}
.elsevier #multiplerowblock p.mrowsintrotext{padding-top:5px}
.elsevier .show_all_inner{padding: 0;}
.elsevier .hjt5-author-date{color:var(--color-graydark);font-size:80%;margin-bottom:7px;margin-top:7px;}

/*
	==================================================
		SUBSLIDER-1 DISCOVER ELSEVIER
	==================================================
*/ 
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.jt-cs.elsevier.services .jt-author-date{}


/******JT TESTIMONIAL - TEAM TESTIMONIALS********/
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.t4-bottomspot-2 .t4-section-inner.container{position:relative;z-index:3;}
#t4-main-top-2{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2rem;}
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#elsevier-team .testimonial_block-data{display:block;width:100%;text-align:center;padding:0px 30px 15px 30px;position:relative;transition:all 0.3s linear 0s;z-index:9;}
#elsevier-team .testimonial_block-position h6{font-weight:300}
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#elsevier-team .testimonial_block .jt-social-icons a{border-radius:100%;width:35px;height:35px;margin:0 5px;display:grid;place-items:center;padding:0;}
#elsevier-team .testimonial_block:hover .jt-social-icons{border-top:1px solid #fff;}
#elsevier-team .testimonial_block::before{-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;position:absolute;content:"";width:100%;opacity:0;height:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:-1;}
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#elsevier-team .testimonial_block:hover .testimonial_block-data{-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;color:#FFFFFF}
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.elsevier.testimonial .testimonial_block-text{ text-align:justify;}

.t4-bottomspot-2{background:url(../images/bottomspot-2-bg.jpg) no-repeat bottom center;background-size:cover}
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.t4-bottomspot-2::after,.t4-bottom-a::after{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;content:"";opacity:0.9}
.t4-bottomspot-2 .container,.t4-bottom-a .container,.t4-coloredmodule .container{background-color:transparent;}

.t4-bottom-a{background:url(../images/bottom-a-bg.jpg) no-repeat top center;background-size:cover;background-attachment:fixed}
.t4-bottom-a::after{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.9)}

.elsevier .owl2-carousel2.nav-bottom-right .owl2-nav,.elsevier .owl2-carousel2.nav-outside-top .owl2-nav{width:120px}

.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-prev,.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-next,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-prev,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-next,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-prev:hover,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-next:hover{display:inline-block;padding:0;position:absolute;top:50%;box-shadow:0px 2px 15px rgba(1,15,28,0.1);width:56px;height:56px;line-height:56px;font-size:16px;z-index:2;border-radius:999px;transform:translate(0%,-100%)}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-prev{left:-56px}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-next{right:-56px}

body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg #elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-prev,body.layout-boxed #elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-prev{left:-15px;}
body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg #elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-next,body.layout-boxed #elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-next{right:-15px;}
#elsevier-team .testimonial_block:hover .testimonial_block-name h5,#elsevier-team .testimonial_block:hover .testimonial_block-position h6,#elsevier-team .testimonial_block:hover .testimonial_block-name h3{color:#FFF;}


.elsevier .owl2-dots .owl2-dot span{border-radius:100%;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;width:20px;height:20px;display:inline-block;}
.elsevier .owl2-dots .owl2-dot{width:20px;height:20px;position:relative;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;position:relative;margin:5px;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;line-height:0;border-radius:100%;background:none;}
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.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-prev,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-next{background-image:none;border:0;}
.elsevier .owl2-dots::before,.elsevier .owl2-dots::after{content:'';height:2px;width:100px;position:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-1px;}
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.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-prev::before,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-next::before,.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-prev::before,.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-next::before{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;display:grid;place-items:center;top:0;left:0;font-family:"FontAwesome"}
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.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-prev,.elsevier .owl2-nav .owl2-next{background-image:none;}
.elsevier .testimonial_block-data .jt-social-icons{justify-content:flex-start;}
.elsevier .name-pos-info-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:15px}
.elsevier .testimonial_block-name{font-size:18px}
.elsevier.testimonial{display:flex;align-items:center;}
.elsevier.testimonial .jt-pretext{flex:1;text-align:left;padding-right:30px}
#elsevier-testimonial-main{flex:3}
.elsevier.testimonial .image-data-wrap{display:flex;gap:15px;margin-top:25px;}
.elsevier.testimonial .jt-social-icons{display:flex;gap:10px;}
.elsevier.testimonial .data-wrap{flex-direction:column;display:flex;gap:5px}
.elsevier.team .testimonial_block-data{margin-top:0px;position:relative;z-index:2;display: block;width: 100%;}
.elsevier.team .testimonial_block-image{overflow:hidden;position:relative;z-index:1;}
.elsevier.team .testimonial_block-image::after{opacity:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;content:"";background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.35)}
.elsevier.team .jt_testimonial-block-slide:hover .testimonial_block-image::after{opacity:0.7;}
.elsevier.team .testimonial_block-image img{transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-webkit-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-o-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;}
.elsevier.team .jt_testimonial-block-slide:hover .testimonial_block-image img{transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-moz-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-o-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);transform-origin:50% 50%;-webkit-transform-origin:50% 50%;-moz-transform-origin:50% 50%;-o-transform-origin:50% 50%;transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-webkit-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-o-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;box-shadow:0px 0px 0.75em rgba(0,0,0,0.9);}
.elsevier.team .jt-social-icons{position:absolute;top:20px;left:-50px;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;z-index:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px}
.elsevier.team .jt_testimonial-block-slide:hover .jt-social-icons{position:absolute;top:20px;left:20px;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.elsevier.team .testimonial_block::after{display:none;}
.elsevier.team  .testimonial_block-data{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.elsevier.team .jt_testimonial-block-slide:hover .testimonial_block-data div{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;color:#fff}
.elsevier.team .jt-social-icons a{padding:5px;width:32px;height:32px;display:grid;place-items:center;border-radius:100%;}

.jt-columnar-list h1,.jt-columnar-list h2,.jt-columnar-list h3,.jt-columnar-list h4,.jt-columnar-list h5, .jt-columnar-list h6 { font-weight:600}
.jt-columnar-list .jtcl-date.small{color:var(--color-graydark);}

/*
	==================================================
		BOTTOMSPOT-3 Our Customer Feedbacks
	==================================================
*/
body.site-default-home-1 .t4-bottomspot-3,body.site-homedark  .t4-bottomspot-3{}
.t4-bottomspot-3::before{}
.t4-bottomspot-3::after{}
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#elsevier-customer .image-name-wrapper{display:flex;gap:10px;}
#elsevier-customer h3{margin:0;}
#elsevier-customer h6{font-weight:normal;margin:0;}
#elsevier-customer .testimonial_block{display:block;padding:90px 40px 40px 40px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;box-shadow:0px 3px 15px rgba(1,15,28,0.08);
text-align:left;}
#elsevier-customer .jt-social-icons{display:flex;gap:10px}
#elsevier-customer .testimonial_block-text{margin-bottom:15px;}
#elsevier-customer .rating{margin-bottom:20px;}
#elsevier-customer .testimonial_block-text::after{display:none;}
#elsevier-customer .testimonial_block-text::before{position:absolute;top:-60px;left:-10px;width:49px;height:40px;content:"";background:url(../images/quote_left.svg) no-repeat;}
.bottomspot-3{position:relative;z-index:1;}
/**********/

/***********#t4-maintop-1**************/
#t4-maintop-1{background-image:url(../images/why_bg_1.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center center;}
#t4-maintop-1 h3.module-title{color:#fff;}
#t4-maintop-1 .t4-module:first-child{margin-top:0;}
#t4-maintop-1 .as-btn.primary:hover{color:#000;}
#t4-maintop-1 .as-btn.primary::before{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000;}

/***********************/

.mainbody.elsevier{position:relative;margin-bottom:40px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info {}
.mainbody-inner{}
.sidebar-r .t4-module{}
.sidebar-l .t4-module{}
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.sidebar-r .jtcs_item_wrapper h3 a.jt-title,.sidebar-r  .jtcs_item_wrapper .h3 a.jt-title,.sidebar-l .jtcs_item_wrapper h3 a.jt-title,.sidebar-l  .jtcs_item_wrapper .h3 a.jt-title{}

.theme-dark1 .blog-items,.theme-dark1 .com-content-article,.theme-dark1  .com-users-registration,.theme-dark1  .contact.elsevier,.theme-dark1  .sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier,.theme-dark2 .blog-items,
.theme-dark2 .com-content-article,
.theme-dark2 .com-users-registration,
.theme-dark2 .contact.elsevier,
.theme-dark2 .sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier,
.theme-dark3 .blog-items,
.theme-dark3 .com-content-article,
.theme-dark3 .com-users-registration,
.theme-dark3 .contact.elsevier,
.theme-dark3 .sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier,
.theme-dark4 .blog-items,
.theme-dark4 .com-content-article,
.theme-dark4 .com-users-registration,
.theme-dark4 .contact.elsevier,
.theme-dark4 .sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier{box-shadow:none;}

/*****************/

/*
	==================================================
		POLITICAL NEWS - MANSETHABER JT2
	==================================================
*/
.elsevier h4{font-weight:600}
.elsevier.political figure.mjt2-image{position:relative;}
.elsevier.political .mjt2-category{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;background:var(--color-primary);color:#fff;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:11px;padding:5px;}
.elsevier .jt2-mansethaber-pagination a.toc span{background:none!important;position:relative;margin:0;padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3}
.elsevier .jt2-mansethaber-pagination a.toc span::before{position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;transform:translateY(-50%);width:6px;height:6px;content:"\f111";font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free','Font Awesome 5 Free',FontAwesome;font-size:6px;font-weight:bold;}
.elsevier .jt2-mansethaber-pagination .mjt-links{border-bottom:0;}
.elsevier .showmore{margin-top: 10px;}
/*******************************/
div.fastsocialshare_container{position:absolute;right:34px;bottom:64px;display:flex;max-width:50%;}
div.fastsocialshare_container a{margin:0}
div.fastsocialshare-subcontainer > div[class^="fastsocialshare-share-"]{margin-bottom:0px;margin-top:5px;}
.fastsocialshare-subcontainer{margin:0;padding:8px 20px;list-style-type:none;display:flex;align-items:center;border-radius:999px;}
div.fastsocialshare-text{margin:14px 6px 8px 0;}

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.theme-cyan .elsevier .jt_testimonial-block-slide{background:none;}
.theme-cyan .t4-content{background-image:none}

.registration meter{min-width:240px;height:12px}
/*
	==================================================
		VIDEO - YENDIF VIEDO SHARE
	==================================================
*/ 
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.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnails .col-md-3,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnails .col-sm-3{}
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.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail ,.yendif-video-share.categories.elsevier .thumbnail{display:block;padding:0px;margin-bottom:15px;line-height:1.42;border:0;border-radius:0px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);-khtml-box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);-moz-box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);-ms-box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);-o-box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);box-shadow:0 2px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.10);}
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.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier ul{margin:0;}

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.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item{position:relative;cursor:pointer;}
.yendif-video-share-grid .mb-3{margin-bottom:3rem!important}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-title a{font-weight:700;font-size:16px;width:100%;display: inline-flex;color:var(--heading-color);}
.yendif-video-share-title,.yendif-video-share-title a{color:var(--heading-color); margin-bottom:7px;}
.yendif-video-share-title{margin-top:15px;}
.yendif-video-share-title-inner{padding:0px 15px 0 15px; }
.elsevier .yendif-video-share-views-count{ margin-left:15px;padding-bottom:15px;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.howitworks a.yendif-video-share-responsive-item{min-height:82px;min-width:82px}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .title-desc-wrap{position:absolute;bottom:0;right:20%;width:75%;height:40%;cursor:pointer;z-index:2;text-align:right;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier  .tns-nav button{width:12px;height:12px;border-radius:0px;background-color: var(--color-graylight);margin: 0px 3px;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-nav,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .playButton{margin:0;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls{position:absolute;top:2px;right:0;z-index: 4;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier:hover .tns-controls button{}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-nav{padding-bottom:20px;padding-right:10px;}
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.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls [data-controls="prev"]{ margin-right:2px}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls [data-controls="next"]{}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls [data-controls="prev"]:hover,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-controls [data-controls="next"]:hover{color: var(--color-primary);transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .title-excerpt-rating{position:relative;border-radius:0px;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .title-cat-desc{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;text-align: left;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .playicon{font-size:36px;width:53px;}
.elsevier #tns1 > .tns-item{background-color:var(--containerbg-color);}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover, .jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-title a{color:var(--color-primary)}{color:var(--color-primary)transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}

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.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier ul.thumbnails li{list-style:none;}
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.yendif-video-share.elsevier .radio.inline + .radio.inline,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .checkbox.inline + .checkbox.inline{margin-left:10px;}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .radio.inline,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .checkbox.inline{display:inline-block;padding-top:5px;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle;}
.yendif-video-share .radio input[type="radio"],.yendif-video-share .checkbox input[type="checkbox"]{margin:2px 10px 2px 2px;position:relative;}

.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search textarea,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline textarea,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal textarea,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search select,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline select,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal select,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search .help-inline,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline .help-inline,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal .help-inline,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search .uneditable-input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline .uneditable-input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal .uneditable-input,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search .input-prepend,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline .input-prepend,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal .input-prepend,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-search .input-append,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-inline .input-append,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .form-horizontal .input-append{display:inline-block;*display:inline;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle;}
.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .input-append input,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .input-append select,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .input-append .uneditable-input{-webkit-border-radius:0x;-moz-border-radius:0px;border-radius:0px;position:relative;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:0;margin-right:10px;}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .breadcrumb{margin-top:15px}

.vjs-playlist.white.elsevier{border-radius:0px 3px 3px 0px;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail .yendif-image.elsevier{transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1,1);-moz-transform:scale(1,1);-ms-transform:scale(1,1);-o-transform:scale(1,1);transform:scale(1,1);}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail:hover .yendif-image.elsevier{transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;-webkit-transform:scale(1.2,1.2);-moz-transform:scale(1.2,1.2);-ms-transform:scale(1.2,1.2);-o-transform:scale(1.2,1.2);transform:scale(1.2,1.2);-webkit-transition:all .5s ease;-moz-transition:all .5s ease;-ms-transition:all .5s ease;-o-transition:all .5s ease;transition:all .5s ease;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail .yendif-image.elsevier::before{background:-moz-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00000000',endColorstr='#e6000000',GradientType=0 );bottom:0;content:"";left:0;opacity:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;transition:all ease-in-out 1s;-webkit-transition:all ease-in-out 0.5s;;z-index:3;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail:hover .yendif-image.elsevier::before{opacity:1;}
a.yendif-thumbnail.elsevier{overflow:hidden;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-image,.related-elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-image{transition:all ease-in-out 0.5s;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .yendif-thumbnail:hover .yendif-image,.related-elsevier .yendif-thumbnail:hover .yendif-image{transition:all ease-in-out 0.5s;-webkit-transition:all ease-in-out 0.5s;transform:scale(1.05,1.05);-webkit-transform:scale(1.05,1.05);overflow:hidden;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier a.yendif-thumbnail,.related-elsevier a.yendif-thumbnail{overflow:hidden;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .thumbnail .caption{padding:10px 15px 15px 15px;}

.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-image::before,.related-elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-image::before{background:-moz-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,0.7) 98%,rgba(0,0,0,0.9) 100%);filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00000000',endColorstr='#e6000000',GradientType=0 );bottom:0;content:"";left:0;opacity:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;transition:all ease-in-out 1s;-webkit-transition:all ease-in-out 0.5s;z-index:3;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .yendif-thumbnail:hover .yendif-image::before,.yendif-image::before,.related-elsevier .yendif-thumbnail:hover .yendif-image::before{opacity:1;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-play-icon,.related-elsevier .yendif-thumbnail .yendif-play-icon{position:absolute;width:56px;height:56px;margin:-25px 0px 0px -25px;opacity:0.80;}
.t3-wrapper .yendif-ratings-small .yendif-ratings-stars,.t3-wrapper  .yendif-ratings-small .yendif-ratings-stars .yendif-current-ratings,.t3-wrapper  .yendif-ratings-small .yendif-ratings-star a:hover{background-image:url(../images/star_small.png) !important;}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings .yendif-video-share-ratings-stars,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings .yendif-video-share-ratings-star a:hover,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings .yendif-video-share-ratings-stars .yendif-video-share-ratings-current{background-image:url( ../images/star.png );}

.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-stars,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier  .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-current,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-star a:hover,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-stars,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-current,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-star a:hover{background-image:url( ../images/star_small.png );}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-stars,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-current,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small .yendif-video-share-ratings-star a:hover{background-image:url( ../images/star_small.png );}

.yendif-video-share.elsevier  .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play{}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play-whitebg{opacity:1;transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;}

.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play-whitebg{fill:#fff;opacity:0.7;width:26px;height:30px;top:50%;left:50%;margin-top:-15px;margin-left:-11px;padding:4px;transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;position:absolute;z-index:1}

.yendif-video-share.elsevier  .yendif-play-icon{}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier  .yendif-play-icon::before{content:'';position:absolute;width:42px;height:42px;border-radius:100%;background:transparent;transition:.5s;transform:scale(.9);z-index:1;	top:50%;left:50%;margin-top:-21px;margin-left:-21px;transition:all 0.2s linear 0s;}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-search-form{margin-bottom:20px;}
.elsevier .card{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px;margin-bottom:30px;border:0;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier.videos .card-body,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-related.elsevier .card-body,.yendif-video-share-categories.elsevier .card-body,.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .card-body,.yendif-video-share.mod-yendifvideoshare-videos.elsevier .card-body,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-title-text{padding:10px 15px 20px 15px;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings,.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small{margin:7px 0 7px 0;padding:3PX 0;}
.yendif-video-share.category.elsevier .card-body{margin-bottom:30px}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-meta-views,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-ratings-small,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-meta-date{margin:7px 0 7px 0;}
.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier p.lead{margin:20px 0 15px 0;}

.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier div.yendifplayer{margin-bottom:15px}
.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-related.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item{margin-bottom:30px}
.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-related.elsevier .card{-webkit-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);-moz-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);}
.mb-2{margin-bottom:20px;}
.mb-3{margin-bottom:30px;}

.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.titleonpic .play-btn{cursor:pointer;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;z-index:5;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.titleonpic .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play-whitebg,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.titleonpic .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play{position:absolute;z-index:5;cursor:pointer;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.titleonpic  h4{margin:2px 0;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier.titleonpic.filmstrip .more-btn{position:absolute;right:80px;top:-50px;}
.yendif-video-share .title-excerpt-rating{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.yendif-video-share:hover .title-excerpt-rating a,.yendif-video-share:hover .title-excerpt-rating i,.yendif-video-share:hover a,.yendif-video-share:hover, .yendif-video-share:hover .yendif-video-share-title,.yendif-video-share:hover .yendif-video-share-title a{}


.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-image,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-image{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-webkit-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-o-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-image::before,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-image::before{position:absolute;content:"";top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:0;transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out;-ms-transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out;-o-transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:all 0.5s ease-in-out;}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-image,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share:hover .yendif-video-share-image{transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-moz-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);-o-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1) translate3d(0,0,0) perspective(31.25em);transform-origin:50% 50%;-webkit-transform-origin:50% 50%;-moz-transform-origin:50% 50%;-o-transform-origin:50% 50%;transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-webkit-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-o-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;box-shadow:0px 0px 0.75em rgba(0,0,0,0.9);}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-image::before,.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .yendif-video-share-grid-item:hover .yendif-video-share-image::before{opacity:0.4;z-index:9;transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-webkit-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-moz-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;-o-transition:all 0.6s ease 0s;}
.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-likes-dislikes,.yendif-video-share.video.elsevier .yendif-video-share-meta-category{margin:7px 0;}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-meta{margin-bottom:10px}
.yendif-video-share.mod-yendifvideoshare-playlist.elsevier .yendif-video-share-playlist-items{}
.elsevier .yendif-video-share-category{text-align:left;color:var(--color-primary)} 
.elsevier .yendif-video-share .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play,.yendif-video-share.elsevier .yendif-video-share-svg-icon-play{position:absolute;width:53px;height:53px;top:50%;left:50%;pointer-events:none;z-index:3;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);border-radius:100%;margin:0;}
.play-btn-animation{position:absolute;width:53px;height:53px;top:50%;left:50%;pointer-events:none;z-index:2;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);border-radius:100%;background-color:transparent;margin:0;}
.play-btn-animation::before,.play-btn-animation::after{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.85);;content:"";position:absolute;left:0px;top:1px; width:51px; height:51px;z-index:-1;border-radius:50%;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;	-webkit-animation-duration:5s;animation-duration:5s;-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in-out;animation-timing-function:ease-in-out;-webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite;animation-iteration-count:infinite;-webkit-animation-name:ripple;animation-name:ripple;}
.play-btn-animation::after{-webkit-animation-delay:2s;animation-delay:2s;}
/*********yendif player module**********/
.mod-yendifvideoshare-player-inner.elsevier{z-index:2;position:relative;}
.mod-yendifvideoshare-player-inner.elsevier .yendifplayer{}

#t4-subslider-2{background-image:url(../images/subslider-2-bg.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:top center;overflow:auto;}
#t4-subslider-2 .container{background:none;background-color:transparent;}

.yendifplayer-description-elsevier{margin:0px auto;width:540px;color:#fff;}
.yendif-video-share-responsive-item .yendif-video-share-image,a.yendif-video-share-responsive-item{border-radius:0px;}
.videoarticle .yendif-video-share-responsive-item{padding-bottom:41%!important;}
.mod-yendifvideoshare-playlist.elsevier .yendif-video-share-responsive-item{min-height:75px;}
.elsevier .yendif-video-share-playlist-item .text-muted{color: #fff!important; margin-top:10px!important}
.elsevier .yendif-video-share-category.text-muted,.elsevier .yendif-video-share-category.text-muted a{color:var(--color-primary)!important;}

/*
	====================================================
		MIDDLESPOT-1  MIDDLESPOT-2
	====================================================
*/
.t4-middlespot-1{}
.t4-middlespot-1 .container{background-color:transparent;}
.t4-middlespot-1{}
.middlespot-1{position:relative;z-index:1;}
.middlespot-1-module{padding:35px 20px;}
.middlespot-1 img.small-image{}
.middlespot-1 img{}
.why-chooseus.right h4,.why-chooseus.right .h4{padding-bottom:15px}
.middlespot-1-module figure{margin:0}

.about-counter1{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;gap:15px;}
.about-counter1 .counter-title{font-size:52px;font-weight:bold;line-height:1;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;}
.media-body{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;}.about-counter1 .counter-info{margin-bottom:-0.3em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;}
.about-counter1 .counter-text{font-size:22px;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;}
.img-box2.style2 .order-btn{}
.img-box2 .order-btn{position:absolute;top:60px;right:40px;-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}
.order-btn .font-style{display:block;}
.order-btn{}
.order-btn:hover{-webkit-animation:bgPulse 0.8s linear infinite;animation:bgPulse 0.8s linear infinite;}
.img-box2 .discount_style1{position:absolute;top:75px;left:-15px;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);}
.img-box2 .discount_style1 .percentage{-webkit-transform:rotate(-90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-90deg);transform:rotate(-90deg);}

.t4-middlespot-2{}
.feature-grid-wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);margin-bottom:30px;}
.feature-grid{text-align:center;padding:0 10px;}
.feature-grid:not(:last-child){border-right:1px dashed rgba(255,255,255,0.5);}
.sec-text{max-width:560px;margin-bottom:40px;}
.feature-grid_img{margin-bottom:28px;}
.feature-grid_img img{-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;}
.feature-grid:hover .feature-grid_img img{-webkit-transform:rotateY(180deg);transform:rotateY(180deg);}
.board-wrap2{padding:40px;}
.menu-wrap{padding:1.5rem}
.menu-list_title{font-size:30px;margin-top:-0.24em;max-width:-webkit-fit-content;max-width:-moz-fit-content;max-width:fit-content;position:relative;}
.menu-list_title::after{content:'';height:2px;width:146px;position:absolute;bottom:10px;left:calc(100% + 10px);}
.menu-list-img{margin-left:31px;}
.menu-list-img img{width:100%;}
.board-list{margin-bottom:25px;}
.board-list_info{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;gap:5px 15px;}
.board-list_title{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;gap:15px;white-space:nowrap;}
.board-list_title::after{content:'';width:100%;display:inline-block;position:relative;top:-6px;}
.board-list_text{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:-0.55em;}.board-list_title,.board-list_price{font-size:20px;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:4px;margin-top:0;}
.menu-list-divider{margin:40px 0;display:block;text-align:center;position:relative;background-color:inherit;z-index:2;}
.menu-list-divider img{padding:0 18px;background-color:inherit;}
.menu-list-divider::after{content:'';height:1px;width:100%;position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;z-index:-1;}


.divider-title{position:relative;z-index:2;margin:35px 0;text-align:center;font-size:30px;}
.divider-title .text{display:inline-block;padding:0 10px;position:relative;z-index:2;}
.divider-title::after{content:'';width:100%;height:2px;position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;}
.as-product.list-view{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;text-align:left;height:100%;}
.as-product{text-align:center;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.4s;transition:all ease 0.4s;}
.as-product.list-view .product-img{width:100%;max-width:185px;margin:0;background-color:rgba(255,157,45,0.2);overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}
.as-product .product-img img{-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;}
.as-product.list-view:hover .product-img img{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1);-ms-transform:scale(1.1);transform:scale(1.1);}
.as-product.list-view .product-content{display:flex;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;padding:26px;position:relative;background-color:transparent;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;flex-wrap:wrap;}
.as-product.list-view .product-title{font-size:20px;margin:-0.24em 0 10px 0;}
.as-product.list-view .product-text{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:10px;max-width:380px;}.as-product .price{display:block;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:-0.45em;}
.as-product.list-view .actions .as-btn{height:40px;padding:14px 19px;}
.as-product.list-view .actions{--btn-size:30px;--btn-font-size:12px;--icon-gap-x:0px;position:absolute;bottom:20px;right:20px;margin-top:18px;}


/*
	====================================================
		FAQ PAGE 
	====================================================
*/

.accordion-card{margin-bottom:24px;-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;}
.accordion-card .accordion-button:not(.collapsed){box-shadow:none;border-radius:5px 5px 0 0;}
.accordion-card .accordion-button:not(.collapsed)::after{content:'\f176';-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);}
.accordion-card .accordion-button::after{font-family:'Font Awesome 6 Free','Font Awesome 5 Free',FontAwesome;content:"\f175";height:30px;width:30px;line-height:30px;background-image:none;font-weight:400;font-size:16px;text-align:center;position:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-15px;right:10px;-webkit-transition:0.3s ease-in-out;transition:0.3s ease-in-out;}
.accordion-card .accordion-collapse{border:none;}
.accordion-card .accordion-body{box-shadow:0px 5px 15px rgba(42,77,113,0.04);border-top:none;padding:23px 30px 30px 30px;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;}
.accordion-card .faq-text{margin-bottom:-0.48em;}
.accordion-card .accordion-button{font-size:18px;font-weight:500;border:0;border-radius:0;padding:10px 50px 10px 30px;min-height:50px;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;-webkit-transition:0.3s;transition:0.3s;position:relative;}
.faq-area .faq-img img{max-width:-webkit-fit-content;max-width:-moz-fit-content;max-width:fit-content;}

/*
	====================================================
		PORTFOLIO - SP SIMPLE PORTFOLIO MODULE 
	====================================================
*/

#sp-simpleportfolio{}

.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item{padding:10px 10px 30px 10px;margin-bottom:1rem;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-padding{padding:10px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li > a{padding:6px 12px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li.active > a{}
.featherdark .featherdark-content,.featherdark{z-index:999!important}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-padding,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info:hover,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info{background:none;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info{font-size:1rem;line-height:1rem;padding:5px 15px 20px 15px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info h3{}
.sp-description.elsevier{clear:both;line-height:1.42;text-align:justify}
.sp-simpleportfolio-created.elsevier-overimage{font-size:19px;line-height:1.1;padding-top:7px;text-align:center;width:60px;height:60px;display:block;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:-30px;left:20px;z-index:3}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-info h3 a,.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-info h3{font-weight:bold;font-size:20px;margin-bottom:10px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-client.elsevier.col-sm-6,.sp-simpleportfolio-client.elsevier.col-md-6{padding-left:0;padding-right:10px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-client.elsevier,.sp-simpleportfolio-created.elsevier{margin-bottom:15px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-client.elsevier h4,.sp-simpleportfolio-created.elsevier h4{font-size:13px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-client.elsevier h4 span,.sp-simpleportfolio-created.elsevier h4 span{font-weight:bold;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-info.elsevier:hover h4{color:#fff;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-link{text-align:right;margin-top:30px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a{border-radius:5px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-view, .sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-view:hover {
background: var(--color-secondary);	border: 1px solid var(--color-secondary);}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-zoom, .sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-zoom:hover {background: var(--color-primary);border: 1px solid var(--color-primary);}
.filters.btn-toolbar .btn{height:38px;}
span[itemprop="keywords"]{margin-right:5px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-description.elsevier{width:100%;margin-bottom:15px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio-meta.elsevier{width:100%;padding-left:0px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li{margin:0 5px 10px 5px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li > a{background:none;font-weight:400;font-size:1rem;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-meta.elsevier > div{margin-bottom:10px;padding-bottom:10px}
.sp-simpleportfolio-link a.btn{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-filter{margin-top:30px;}

.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a{border-radius:5px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-meta h4{font-weight:400;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-image[class*=' col-']{padding-left:0;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-columns-3 .sp-simpleportfolio-item{}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier.specialwork .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a{display:inline-block;padding:3px 6px;margin:3px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;line-height:1;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;cursor:pointer;color:#fff;-webkit-transition:all .4s;transition:all .4s;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier.specialwork .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-vertical-middle > div .sp-simpleportfolio-title a{font-size:14px!important;}
.tns-outer .playButton{display:none;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-overlay-wrapper{border-radius:0px 0px;}
.featherlight{z-index:100;}
.featherlight .featherlight-content,.featherlight .featherlight-image{}
.featherlight .featherlight-close-icon{right:5px;top:5px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-zoom,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-btns a.btn-view{border-radius:5px}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier.layout-gallery-nospace img,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier.layout-gallery-nospace .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-overlay-wrapper{border-radius:0px!important;}
.porfolio .dropdown-menu .separator{font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase}

.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-img{}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info {color: var(--color-primary);}
/**************/
#t4-bottom-spot{background-image:url(../images/bottomspot-bg.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:fixed;background-size:cover;background-position:bottom}
#t4-bottom-spot::after{content:"";position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;top:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.75);z-index:1;}
.bottomspot-1,.bottomspot-2{position:relative;z-index:2;}
.makereservation-left{padding:0.5rem;position:relative;margin-top:6rem;max-width:450px;float:right;color:#FFFFFF;}
.makereservation-left p,.makereservation-left h3,.makereservation-left h4,.makereservation-left h5,.makereservation-left h6{color:#FFFFFF;}
.makereservation-left::after{content:"";position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;left:0%;top:0%;opacity:0.4;z-index:-1;}
.makereservation-left h3,.makereservation-left h4,.qf3form.quickform_elsevier h4{font-weight:400;}

.qf3form.quickform_elsevier{background:none;color:#fff!important;max-width:450px;}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier input.elsevier-input,.qf3form.quickform_elsevier textarea.elsevier-input{width:100%;border-radius:0px;background:none;color:#fff!important;box-shadow:none;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier input.elsevier-input:focus,.qf3form.quickform_elsevier textarea.elsevier-input:focus{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;outline:none}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier h4{text-align:center;margin-bottom:20px}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier input.elsevier-submit{border-radius:0px;color:#fff;background:#1c1c1c;border:1px solid #0e1217;width:100%;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier input.elsevier-submit:hover{background:#000;border:1px solid #0e1217;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier .qf3{padding:0 0 0.4em 0;}
.qf3form.quickform_elsevier .qfcapt{display:none;}
/*
	=======================================
		FOOTER
	=======================================
*/

.t4-footnav{border:0;}
.t4-footnav .container{background-color:transparent;}
.t4-footnav .module-title{color:#fff;padding-bottom:15px;line-height: 1.5;}
.t4-footnav .module-title,.t4-footnav .module-title span{text-transform:uppercase}
.t4-footnav .module-title::after {content:'';height:4px;width:100%;position:absolute;top:auto;transform:translateY(0%);left:0;background:none;z-index: 0;opacity:1;border-bottom:1px solid var(--footer-border-color);bottom:0;}
.t4-footnav .module-title::before{position:absolute;content:"";left:0px;bottom:0px;height:1px;width:30%;z-index:1; background-color:var(--color-primary)}

.t4-footer .t4-module.module{background:none;}
.suprafooter-wrap{padding-bottom:20px}
.footerblock-l{position:relative;}
.footerblock-l::after{position:absolute;content:"";height:50%;width:1px;right:15px;top:50%;transform:translate(0%,-50%)}
.t4-col.footerblock{position:relative;z-index:2}
.t4-footnav .module-title span.titlespan{ position:relative;}
.t4-footnav .module-title span.first-word-elsevier::after {}

.t4-footnav .jtcs_item_wrapper.jt-cs.elsevier .jt-title,.t4-footnav  .jtcs_item_wrapper.jt-cs.elsevier a.jt-title {color:var(--footer-link-color);}
.t4-footnav .jtcs_item_wrapper.jt-cs.elsevier .jt-title:hover,.t4-footnav  .jtcs_item_wrapper.jt-cs.elsevier a.jt-title:hover {color:var(--color-primary);}
.t4-footnav .jt-cs.elsevier .jt-introtext {margin:0px 0;}
.t4-footnav .jt-cs.elsevier .slide{ background:none;background-color:transparent;}

.t4-footnav ul.social_icons{}
ul.social_icons,ul.contact_info,.topbar ul.menu{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-evenly;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;}
ul.social_icons li,ul.contact_info li{list-style:none;padding:0 0px 0 10px;}
ul.social_icons{justify-content:flex-end}
ul.social_icons li a{width:49px;height:39px;display:grid;place-items:center;position:relative;overflow:hidden;color:#FFF;margin-top:-10px;margin-bottom:-10px;}
ul.social_icons,ul.contact_info,.topbar ul.menu{justify-content:flex-start;}

ul.social_icons li a::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;transition:.5s;z-index:2;}
ul.social_icons li a:hover::before{top:0;}
ul.social_icons i{z-index:3;transition:.8s;}
ul.social_icons li a:hover i{transform:rotateY(360deg);transition:.8s;color:#fff;}

.t4-footnav ul.social_icons li a{height:36px;width:36px;line-height:34px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.3);text-align:center;font-size:13px;border-radius:100%;}
.t4-footnav ul.social_icons li a::before {content: "";position: absolute;top: 100%;left: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;transition:.5s;z-index:2;}
.t4-footnav ul.social_icons li a:hover::before{top:0}
.t4-footnav .acym_form.elsevier  input.cell {background-color:var(--footer-border-color);border:0;}

ul.social_icons{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-evenly;padding-left:0;margin:0;}
ul.social_icons li{list-style:none;padding:0 0px 0 0px;}

.t4-footnav .jt-cs.elsevier .slide{border-bottom:1px solid var(--footer-border-color);}
.t4-footnav ul.nav.navbar-nav{ width:100%;}
.t4-footnav .dropdown-menu{background-color:var(--footer-border-color);padding:1rem}
.t4-footnav .t4-module .navbar .dropdown-item{padding-top:0.4rem;padding-bottom:0.4rem;padding-left:1.2rem}
.t4-footnav .t4-module .navbar .nav > li{color: var(--footer-link-color);padding: 0.4rem 0;transition: all 0.25s;display: block;width: 100%;border-bottom:1px solid var(--footer-border-color);}
.t4-footnav .t4-module .navbar .nav > li a.nav-link{padding-left:1.3rem}
.t4-footnav .t4-module .navbar .nav > li a::before {content: "\f054";display: inline-block;font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free','Font Awesome 5 Free',FontAwesome;font-weight: normal;font-style: normal;position: absolute;left: 2px;}

ul.social_icons .fa{color:#FFF}
.t4-footerblock .module-title,.t4-footerblock h1,.t4-footerblock h2,.t4-footerblock h3,.t4-footerblock h4,.t4-footerblock h5,.t4-footerblock h6{position:relative}
.t4-footerblock .module-title span::after{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;border-top:none;height:3px;width:50%;content:"";}
.t4-footer .container{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem;background-color:transparent;}
.t4-footer p{margin-bottom:0}
.t4-footer{ border-top:0; background-color:var(--color-dark)}

h4.footer-logo{position:relative;padding-left:36px;}
h4.footer-logo::before{position:absolute;content:"";left:0;top:0;width:36px;height:36px;mask-image:url(../images/logo-small.svg);-webkit-mask-image:url(../images/logo-small.svg);mask-position:center;;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-size:cover;-webkit-mask-size:cover;}
.t4-footer{font-size:1rem;background-repeat:repeat;}
.t4-footer .module-title{font-weight:500;}
.t4-footer .as-social a{}
.t4-footer  ul.bottom_social_icons{display:flex;list-style:none;margin-top:20px;padding-left:0;gap:5px;}
.t4-footer .navbar{padding-left:0;}
.t4-footer .navbar{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;}
.t4-footer .navbar-nav{display:flex;flex-direction:row;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none;justify-content: flex-end;width:100%;gap:0 15px}
.t4-footer .nav > li > a,.t4-footer .nav > li.current > a,.t4-footer .nav > li >.separator{text-transform:none;display:inline-block;font-size:1rem;font-weight:normal;}
.t4-footer .nav > li > a:hover,.t4-footer .nav > li > a:active,.t4-footer .nav > li > a:focus{border-bottom:0;}
.t4-footer ul.nav li{}
.t4-footer .nav > li:first-child::before{display:inline-block;}
.t4-footer ul.nav li::before,.t4-footer .nav > li:first-child::before{display:none;}
.info-box{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:20px;}
.info-box_icon{width:30px;height:30px;min-width:30px;line-height:32px;font-size:14px;border-radius:999px;text-align:center;margin-right:10px;}
.t4-copyright{padding:10px 0;}
.t4-copyright .copyright-l{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:54px}
.t4-copyright p{margin:0;}
.t4-copyright i{margin:0 2px;font-size:1rem;}
.t4-copyright ul{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;width:100%;flex-direction:row;}
.t4-copyright ul li{list-style:none;color:#fff;}
.t4-copyright ul li a:link,.t4-copyright ul li a:visited{padding:0 15px;}
.t4-copyright ul li:last-child{border-right:0;}
#back-to-top .fa-chevron-up::before{}
#back-to-top i{line-height:1;}
#back-to-top{text-align:center;font-size:20px;width:30px;height:30px;line-height:30px;z-index:2;border-radius:3px;-webkit-transition:all ease 0.8s;transition:all ease 0.8s;}
.t4-footer .module-title span{background-color:transparent;position:relative;padding-bottom:10px;}
.t4-footer .module-title::after{display:none;}
.t4-footer .row{align-items: center;}

#t4-footnav .module-title span{background-color:transparent;}
.about-image i{ margin-right:7px}
.t4-footer  .t4-module .navbar .dropdown-menu {--t4-dropdown-bg: var(--footer-bg-color);--t4-dropdown-border-width: 0;--t4-dropdown-link-hover-bg: none;--t4-dropdown-link-active-bg: none;--t4-dropdown-font-size: var(--t4-nav-link-font-size);min-width: fit-content;}
.dropdown-menu {border-radius:0px;border:0;}
/***************NEWSLETTER***********/
.t4-footerblock .acym_introtext{float:left;}
.acym_module.elsevier table.acym_form{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;float:right;}
.acym_module.elsevier table.acym_form td.onefield{margin-bottom:15px;padding-right:10px;}
.acym_module.elsevier .acym_form input.cell{text-indent:10px;cursor:text;max-width:100%;}
.acym_module.elsevier .acym_form  input.cell::placeholder{content:"Enter Email Address"}
.acym_module.elsevier .acym_form label span{margin-right:15px}
.acym_module.elsevier table.acym_form td{display:inline-block;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px}
.footnav-wrap{}
.acym_module_form input.cell{cursor:text;text-indent:10px}
.acym_module_form input.btn{max-width:max-content;}

table.acym_form.elsevier{margin-top:20px;width:100%;margin-bottom:15px;}
.acym_form.elsevier  input.cell{border-radius:0px;padding:5px 10px;max-width:100%}
.acym_form.elsevier  input.cell::placeholder{color:var(--footer-text-color);opacity:1}

.elsevier td.acysubbuttons{padding-bottom: 1rem !important;padding-left: 0;}
.acym_module_form  .onefield{padding-bottom:1rem!important;padding-right: 0;}

@media only screen and (min-width:767px){
.acym_module.elsevier .acym_form input.cell{min-width:310px;}
}
/**********************/
#t4-breadcrumbs{background-image:url(../images/breadcrumbs-bg.jpg);background-position:top center;background-size:cover;position:relative;background-repeat:no-repeat;min-height:250px;}
#t4-breadcrumbs .container{background-color:transparent;}
.t4-section.t4-breadcrumbs{border-top:0;}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier{min-height:250px;z-index:1;position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier h1{font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;margin:0;}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier .breadcrumb-item.active{color:#FFFFFF}
#t4-breadcrumbs::before{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;content:"";background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);}
.t4-breadcrumbs-inner::after{background:#0d0e0f;position:absolute;left:0;bottom:35%;right:0;content:"";opacity:0.7;width:100%;height:30%;}
.t4-section.t4-breadcrumbs .breadcrumb li{margin-right:10px;color:#fff;font-size:1.125rem;}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier .breadcrumb .breadcrumb-item + .breadcrumb-item::before{display:inline-block;color:#fff;}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier h1.breadcrumb-item{font-size:48px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.18;margin:-0.2em 0 -0.22em 0;}
ol.mod-breadcrumbs.elsevier.breadcrumb.py-2{padding-left:0!important;padding-top:0.8rem !important;}

.reservations{display:flex;align-items:center;min-height:42px;font-size:24px;}
.reservations .icon{font-size:44px;margin-right:25px}
.reservations .text{text-transform:uppercase}

figure.animate-circle{overflow:hidden;}
.animate-circle{position:relative;}
.animate-circle::before{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;z-index:2;display:block;content:'';width:0;height:0;background:rgba(255,255,255,.2);border-radius:100%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%, -50%);transform:translate(-50%, -50%);opacity:0;}
.animate-circle:hover::before{-webkit-animation:circle .75s;animation:circle .75s;} 
/*

	=======================================
		COUNTERS
	=======================================
*/

.counters{width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:center;font-size:40px;font-weight:500;padding:40px 0;position:relative;color:#fff;}
.counters::after{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;content:"";opacity:0.1;width:100%;height:100%;}
.counters i{font-size:75px;display:block;margin-bottom:10px;transition:all 0.2s  linear 0s;}
.counter-style:hover i ,.counter-style:hover{color:#fff;transition:all 0.2s  linear 0s;}
.counters h4{font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;margin:10px 0px 0 0;color:#fff;}
.counter-style{display:flex;gap:15px;flex-direction:column;padding:30px 10px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;transition:all .8s;-moz-transition:all .8s;-webkit-transition:all .8s;-ms-transition:all .8s;-o-transition:all .8s;z-index:1;line-height:1}
.counters .timer{font-size:40px;line-height:40px;font-weight:600;color:#fff;}
.counter-timer{text-align:left;}
.counter-style::after{display:none;}
.counter-style:hover::after{}
.counter-style:hover h3,.counter-style:hover h4 ,.counter-style:hover h5,.counter-style:hover h6{color:#fff;transition:all 0.2s  linear 0s;}
/*
	===========================================
	Our Best Plans -  CUSTOM MODULE
	===========================================
*/
.row.pricing-table-1{}
.pricing-table-1 .plan{padding:20px;}
.text-white{color:#FFF;}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-title{color:#fff;position:relative;margin:0;font-size:20px;line-height:26px;}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-price{font-weight:500;font-size:38px;margin:10px 0;display:inline-block;}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-features li{padding:8px 0px;}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-features{list-style:outside none none;padding:0 0 20px;margin:0;list-style:outside none none;}
.pricing-table-1 a.btn{}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-features i{margin-right:8px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);}
.pricing-table-1 .featured{margin-top:-10px;padding-bottom:40px;}
.pricing-table-1 .plan-select{border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.2);padding:20px;text-align:center;}
.text-white{color: #FFF;}

/*
	=========================================
	PRICING TABLE -  CUSTOM MODULE
	=========================================
*/
.pricingtable-row .row{padding:40px 100px;}
.pricingtable-wrapper.style{box-shadow: 0 0 30px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);padding: 30px;}
.no-padding{padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;}
.pricingtable-inner{text-align: center;}
h4.pricingtable-title{font-size: 22px;line-height: 28px;margin-bottom: 15px;text-align:center;}
.pricingtable-wrapper.style .pricingtable-bx{font-weight: 500;border-radius: 10px;display: inline-block;font-size:16px;margin-top: 20px;padding: 15px 25px;margin-bottom: 20px;color:#fff}
.pricingtable-wrapper.style .pricingtable-bx span{font-size: 22px;}
.pricingtable-wrapper.style.active{margin: -30px -10px 0;padding: 60px 30px;position: relative;z-index: 1;}
.pricingtable-wrapper.style p{line-height: 28px;margin-bottom: 24px;}
.site-button.white{display: inline-block;padding: 12px 60px;background-color: #fff;border-radius: 100px;-webkit-border-radius: 100px;margin: 0 5px 10px 0;}
.pricingtable-inner .btn-primary{display: inline-block;padding: 12px 60px;border-radius: 100px;-webkit-border-radius: 100px;margin: 0 5px 10px 0;}
/*
	=========================================
		SKILLS - PROGRESS BARS
	=========================================
*/
.what-we-do{}
.what-we-do:hover .glow,.welcome-quantas:hover .glow,.building-experience.right:hover .glow,.about-us-2-right:hover .glow,.about-us-2-left:hover .glow,.glow-wrap:hover .glow{transform:rotate(45deg) translate(450%,0);transition:all 1s cubic-bezier(0.645,0.045,0.355,1);}
.photo:hover img,.photo:hover .glow-wrap{margin-top:0;}
.what-we-do:hover img{}
figure.img-leading{-webkit-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);-moz-box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);box-shadow:0px 10px 20px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);padding:0;width:auto;display:inline-block;margin:30px 0 0 0;float:right;position:relative;z-index:2;}
figure.img-leading::before{position:absolute;content:"";width:100%;height:100%;top:-35px;left:-35px;z-index:-1;opacity:0.75;}

.ui-progress-bar1{position:relative;height:2px;padding-right:2px;margin-top:-5px;margin-bottom:26px;border-radius:0px;}
.ui-progress1{position:relative;display:block;overflow:visible!important;height:2px;border-radius:0px;}
.ui-progress1 span.ui-label{bottom:-10px;height:24px;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;color:#fff;position:absolute;right:-5px;line-height:24px;padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;white-space:nowrap;}
.ui-progress-bar1.color{height:24px;border-radius:14px;margin-top:-5px;}
.ui-progress1.color{height:24px;border-radius:14px;background-color:#e54c4c;}

.accordion-button{padding:8px 10px;}
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.contact-info_icon::before{left:-10px;top:-5px;}
.contact-info_icon::after{right:-10px;top:5px;}
.contact-info_icon::before,.contact-info_icon::after{content:'';width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;opacity:0.2;border-radius:inherit;z-index:-2;-webkit-transition:0.4s ease-in-out;transition:0.4s ease-in-out;}
.contact-info:hover .contact-info_icon::after{right:0;top:0;}
.contact-info:hover .contact-info_icon::before{left:0;top:0;}
.com-users-registration__submit.control-group .controls{display:flex;gap:15px;justify-content:center;}
.elsevier .plain-style #contact-form textarea{min-height:5rem;}
.elsevier .contact-miscinfo{background:none;border:0;padding-left:0;}
.contact.elsevier{background:url(../images/contact-bg.png) no-repeat  99% 98%;}
.contact.elsevier legend{font-size:0.8rem;}

.t4-bottomspot-4 .container{max-width:1140px;}
.contact-us .qf3form.example2{padding:0px 0px;background-color:transparent;}
.qf3form.example2 .elsevier .qf3{padding:0px 15px 1.2em 0px;}
.contact-qf3-elsevier [class*='col-']{padding-left:0;padding-right:0px;}
.qf3form.example2 .elsevier .qf3txt input,.qf3form.example2 textarea,.qf3form.example2 .elsevier input.btn{padding:15px;border:0;resize: none;}
.qf3form.example2 .elsevier input.btn{min-width:113px;width:auto;margin-top:15px}
.qf3form.example2 .qfcapt{display:none;}
.contact-right{padding-top:30px}
.elsevier .contact-form input,.elsevier .contact-form textarea{filter: none;}
input {filter: none;}
input:autofill {background:none;}
/*
	==================================================
		CATEGORIES MODULE - SIDEBAR
	==================================================
*/ 
 ul.mod-articlescategories.categories-module.mod-list.elsevier li {padding:6px 0;list-style:none;margin:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color);}
 ul.mod-articlescategories.categories-module.mod-list.elsevier li a{padding-left:25px;}
 ul.mod-articlescategories.categories-module.mod-list.elsevier li a::before{position:absolute;left:0px;top:auto ;content:"\f07c";font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-size:14px;margin-top:2px;color:var(--color-primary)}
 ul.mod-articlescategories.categories-module.mod-list.elsevier .numitems{float:right;}
/***********/
.widget{position:relative;}
.author-widget-wrap{text-align:center;}
.author-widget-wrap .avater{margin-bottom:20px;}
.author-widget-wrap{text-align:center;}
.author-widget-wrap .name{font-size:24px;margin-bottom:15px;}
.author-widget-wrap .author-bio{margin-bottom:23px;}
.author-widget-wrap .author-social{display:block;}
.author-widget-wrap .avater img{border-radius:50%;}
.author-widget-wrap .author-social a{font-size:16px;position:relative;padding:6px 15px 6px 0;margin-right:12px;}

.mainnav .container-lg{position:relative;}
.mainnav .navbar-nav{padding-left:10px}


.row masonary-active{flex-wrap:wrap;}

/*
	==================================================
		TABBED NEWS 
	==================================================
*/ 

.jttabs-wrapper.layout-default.elsevier  .tab-content,.jttabs-wrapper.layout-default.elsevier .nav-tabs{border:0;}
.jttabs-wrapper.layout-default.elsevier ul.nav-tabs{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:unset;border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-graylight);}
.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .nav-tabs .nav-link{border:0;transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;background-color:var(--containerbg-color);border-radius:0px;border-right:1px solid var(--color-graylight);}
.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .nav-tabs .nav-link.active,.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .nav-tabs .nav-link:hover{transition:all 0.3s  linear 0s;border:0;border-radius:0px;border-right:1px solid transparent;}
.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .tab-content h2{display:none}
.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .tab-content{padding:10px;background-color:var(--containerbg-color);margin-top:1px;}
.jttabs-wrapper.elsevier .nav-tabs .nav-link.active{background-color:var(--color-secondary);color:#fff;}

/*
	==================================================
		DARK THEMES
	==================================================
*/ 

.theme-dark1 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a,.theme-dark1  .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link,.theme-dark1  .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item,.theme-dark1  .t4-offcanvas .t4-off-canvas-body .navbar.drilldown-effect .navbar-nav .nav-item .dropdown-menu .nav-item,.theme-dark2 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a,
.theme-dark2 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link,
.theme-dark2 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item,
.theme-dark2 .t4-offcanvas .t4-off-canvas-body .navbar.drilldown-effect .navbar-nav .nav-item .dropdown-menu .nav-item,
.theme-dark3 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a,
.theme-dark3 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link,
.theme-dark3 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item,
.theme-dark3 .t4-offcanvas .t4-off-canvas-body .navbar.drilldown-effect .navbar-nav .nav-item .dropdown-menu .nav-item,
.theme-dark4 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > a,
.theme-dark4 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li > .nav-link,
.theme-dark4 .t4-megamenu .dropdown-menu li .dropdown-item,
.theme-dark4 .t4-offcanvas .t4-off-canvas-body .navbar.drilldown-effect .navbar-nav .nav-item .dropdown-menu .nav-item{color: var(--mainnav-link-color);}
.theme-dark1 .module-title::after,.theme-dark2 .module-title::after,.theme-dark3 .module-title::after,.theme-dark4 .module-title::after{background: url(../images/h3-dark-bg.png) repeat-x center;}
.theme-dark1 .yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .card,.theme-dark2 .yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .card,.theme-dark3 .yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .card,.theme-dark4 .yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier .card{background-color:var(--color-secondary-light)}
.theme-dark1 .text-muted,.theme-dark2 .text-muted,.theme-dark3 .text-muted,.theme-dark4 .text-muted {color: var(--body-text-color) !important;}

.theme-dark1 #jtl .elsevier .content-elsevier,
.theme-dark1 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,
.theme-dark2 #jtl .elsevier .content-elsevier,
.theme-dark2 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,
.theme-dark3 #jtl .elsevier .content-elsevier,
.theme-dark3 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,
.theme-dark4 #jtl .elsevier .content-elsevier,
.theme-dark4 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,
.theme-dark1 input.form-control,
.theme-dark1 textarea.form-control,
.theme-dark1 select,
.theme-dark1 .form-control,
.theme-dark1 .form-select,
.theme-dark1 textarea,
.theme-dark1 input,
.theme-dark2 input.form-control,
.theme-dark2 textarea.form-control,
.theme-dark2 select,
.theme-dark2 .form-control,
.theme-dark2 .form-select,
.theme-dark2 textarea,
.theme-dark2 input,
.theme-dark3 input.form-control,
.theme-dark3 textarea.form-control,
.theme-dark3 select,
.theme-dark3 .form-control,
.theme-dark3 .form-select,
.theme-dark3 textarea,
.theme-dark3 input,
.theme-dark4 input.form-control,
.theme-dark4 textarea.form-control,
.theme-dark4 select,
.theme-dark4 .form-control,
.theme-dark4 .form-select,
.theme-dark4 textarea,
.theme-dark4 input, .theme-dark1 .content-elsevier, .theme-dark2 .content-elsevier, .theme-dark3 .content-elsevier, .theme-dark4 .content-elsevier,.theme-dark1 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark2 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark3 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark3 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark4 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark1 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,.theme-dark2 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier,.theme-dark1 #jtl .elsevier .register-elsevier{background-color:var(--color-secondary-light); border:1px solid var(--border-color)}

.theme-dark1 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark2 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark1 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark3 #jtl .registerlink,.theme-dark4 #jtl .registerlink{border-top:1px solid var(--border-color)}

.theme-dark1 #jtl input,.theme-dark2 #jtl input,.theme-dark3 #jtl input,.theme-dark3 #jtl input,.theme-dark4 #jtl input{border:1px solid var(--border-color); background-color:#fff}



.theme-dark1 .cat-intro-title,
.theme-dark2 .cat-intro-title,
.theme-dark3 .cat-intro-title,
.theme-dark4 .cat-intro-title {padding:0px 10px 15px 10px;}

.theme-dark1 .jt-ic.elsevier .slide,
.theme-dark2 .jt-ic.elsevier .slide,
.theme-dark3 .jt-ic.elsevier .slide,
.theme-dark4 .jt-ic.elsevier .slide,
.theme-dark1 .jt-cs.elsevier.services .slide,
.theme-dark2 .jt-cs.elsevier.services .slide,
.theme-dark3 .jt-cs.elsevier.services .slide,
.theme-dark4 .jt-cs.elsevier.services .slide {background-color:var(--color-secondary-light); }


.t4-footnav .module-title::after { background:none;}
.t4-footnav .cat-intro-title,.sidebar-r .cat-intro-title,.sidebar-l .cat-intro-title{ padding:0;}
/*
	==================================================
		MOBILE - CSS 
	==================================================
*/ 
@media screen and (max-width:1320px){
body.layout-boxed .t4-content-inner,body.layout-boxed-solidcolor-bg .t4-content-inner{width:100%;}
.t4-header-m,.t4-header-r-wrap{display:none!important;}
}
@media screen and (max-width:1200px){
.t4-offcanvas-toggle{display:none;}
.t4-bottomspot-1 .container,.t4-bottomspot-2 .container,.t4-bottomspot-3 .container,.t4-bottomspot-5 .container{background-color:transparent;}
.mainnav .container-lg{}
}
@media screen and (max-width:990px){
.aboutus-right::before,.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu.level1.show::before,.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item:hover span::before, .t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item.active span::before{display:none;}
.header-right-wrap2.collapse-static,.t4-header-r{position:relative;}
.navbar-toggler{width:40px;height:40px;padding:0;font-size:20px;border:none;display:inline-block;margin:0.5rem 0;top:0px;z-index:9;}
.navbar-expand-lg{position: relative;left:0;display: grid;place-items: center;}
.logo-wrap{padding-bottom:10px;}
.header-top{min-height:50px;padding-left:1rem;max-height:50px;}
.header-block.header-block-2 .container-xxl{--t4-gutter-x:0}
.layout-home-fastfood .navbar-toggler{z-index:9;}
.header-shape1{-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;border-radius:0px;}
.header-top-fastfood p,.header-top-fastfood div,.header-top-fastfood a{font-size:14px}
.not-at-top .t4-sticky{width:98%;}
.header-block.fastfood #t4-megamenu-mainmenu{border-radius:40px;}
.not-at-top #t4-header .t4-sticky {position:fixed !important;top:0!important;width: 100%;border-radius:0px;}
.t4-header .navbar-outer {min-height:55px;}

.feature-grid-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(1,1fr);gap:40px;}
.maintop-2::after,.maintop-2::before,.t4-maintop-2::before,.t4-maintop-2::after{display:none;}
.ps-md-5{padding-left:5rem !important;}
.nav-breakpoint-lg .t4-megamenu{max-height:70vh;}
.t4-megamenu ul.nav{overflow-x:hidden;}
.t4-slider{margin-top:0px;}
.t4-megamenu .mega-caption{bottom:auto;}
.nav-breakpoint-lg .collapse-static{}
.jt-playlist.elsevier .playlist-wrap.style1 .jt-playlist-container{flex-direction:column;}
.jt-playlist.elsevier .playlist-wrap.style1 .jt-playlist-left,.jt-playlist.elsevier .playlist-wrap.style1 .jt-playlist-right{flex-direction:column;width:100%;padding:0;margin-top:20px;}
.jttabs-wrapper.layout-default.elsevier ul.nav-tabs{}
.breadcrumbs-wrap-elsevier h1.breadcrumb-item{font-size:18px;line-height:1;}
#t4-megamenu-mainmenu{}
.bottomspot-1 .custom{padding:20px 20px 0 20px;}
.bottomspot-1 .custom [class*=' col-']{margin-bottom:40px}
.pricing-table-1 .featured{margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom:20px;}
.pricingtable-row .row{padding:30px 0px;}
.yendif-col-4 {width:50%!important;}
.t4-nav-height-sm .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a, .t4-nav-height-sm .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link {border-right:0;}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link{color:var(--color-secondary);}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active > .nav-link {color: color:var(--color-primary);background-color:transparent;}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.show > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.show > .nav-link{color:var(--color-primary);}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active.show > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li.active.show >  a.nav-link{}
.jt-cs.elsevier.mainslider .jt-imagecover{float:none!important; margin-bottom:30px; margin-right:0!important;}
.t4-header .header-block{display:none!important;}
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a:hover{color: color:var(--color-primary);}
}
@media screen and (max-width:767px){
.t4-topbar .t4-row{gap:20px 0px}
.topbar-r{justify-content:flex-start;}
.topbar.elsevier,.elsevier.owl2-carousel2.nav-bottom-right .owl2-nav,.elsevier.owl2-carousel2.nav-outside-top .owl2-nav,.available-table-bg,.btn.js-offcanvas-trigger,.jpanelHandle,.t4-bottomspot-3::after,.t4-bottomspot-3::before,.t4-navhelper-2::before,.bottomspot-3::before,.bottomspot-3::after,body.theme-restaurant-dark .header-top-2,.t4-bottomspot-1::before,.t4-maintop-2::before,.t4-maintop-2::after,.t4-bottomspot-1::after,.t4-bottomspot-1::before,.t4-spotlight::after,body.site-default-home-pizzaburger-light .t4-subslider-0::before,body.site-default-home-pizzaburger-light .t4-subslider-0::after,.t4-navhelper-2::after,.ui-slideouttab-handle,.fastsocialshare_container,.jt-radio-player.elsevier .radio-name::after,.jt-radio-player.elsevier .pause-image,.jt-radio-player.elsevier .jt-image-container,.elsevier .positioncenter.owl-carousel .owl-nav,.elsevier .owl2-carousel2.nav-outside-top .owl2-nav,.t4-navbar .dropdown-menu.level1.show::before,.t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item:hover span::before, .t4-navbar .level0 .nav-item.active span::before,.header-shape1,.elsevier .owl2-carousel2.nav-bottom-right .owl2-nav, .elsevier .owl2-carousel2.nav-outside-top .owl2-nav{display:none!important;}

#elsevier-team .testimonial_block{justify-content:center;display:flex;}
.mod-yendifvideoshare-player-inner.elsevier .yendifplayer,.yendifplayer-description-elsevier{max-width:100%;}
.owl2-dots,.owl2-nav.disabled + .owl2-dots{position:relative;}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-prev,#elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-prev{left:-15px;}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .nav-button.owl-next,#elsevier-team .owl2-nav .owl2-next{right:-15px;}
.jt-carousel-yendif-outer.elsevier .tns-nav button,.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-dot span,#elsevier .owl2-dot,.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-dot.active span,#elsevier-team .owl2-dots .owl2-dot,#elsevier-team .owl2-dots .owl2-dot.active{}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info h3,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info .h3,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info h3 a,.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info .h3 a{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.2;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item .sp-simpleportfolio-info{padding:7px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li > a{font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1;padding:3px 5px;}
.not-at-top .t4-sticky{position:-webkit-fixed !important;position:fixed !important;animation:fadein 0.5s;-moz-animation:fadein 0.5s;-webkit-animation:fadein 0.5s;-o-animation:fadein 0.5s;}
.not-at-top #t4-header.t4-sticky{position:-webkit-fixed !important;position:fixed !important;animation:fadein 0.5s;-moz-animation:fadein 0.5s;-webkit-animation:fadein 0.5s;-o-animation:fadein 0.5s;width:100%;}
.t4-header-r > *{margin-left:0;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-tags{font-size:0.95rem;}
.jt-cs .jt-author-date{font-size:70%;}
body.layout-boxed .t4-content{padding:0px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-items{margin:0px;}
.counter-style,.elsevier .contentdiv{margin-bottom:30px;}
.testimonial_block{display:block;}
h2{}
.t4-content-inner{overflow:hidden;}
.header-top .t4-header-m,.header-top .t4-header-r,.header-top .t4-header-r-wrap::after{display:none!important;}
.nav-breakpoint-lg .t4-megamenu{padding-top:1.5rem}
.elsevier.customer.fastfood .owl2-dots{top:auto;left:50%;bottom:0;display:flex;flex-direction:row;transform:translateY(0%);transform:translateX(-50%);width:max-content;}
.elsevier.customer.fastfood .owl2-dots::before{bottom:auto;top:auto;transform:none;right:calc(100% + 10px);}
.elsevier.customer.fastfood .owl2-dots::after{left:calc(100% + 10px);bottom:auto;top:auto;right:auto;transform:none;top:auto;}
.available-table{width:100%;padding:45px 20px;margin-top:30px;}
.contact-card-wrap{flex-direction:column;display:flex;gap:30px}
.t4-copyright{font-size:15px;}
.copyright-l{margin-bottom:15px;}
.menu-board{padding:15px;}
.board-wrap{}
.board-list_title,.board-list_price{font-size:16px}
.board-wrap .row > *{--t4-gutter-x:40px;--t4-gutter-y:40px;}
.filter-item{position:relative;}
.logo-wrap{padding-left:10px}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul > li > a{margin-bottom:10px;margin-right:10px;background-color:var(--color-graylight);}
.jtcs_item_wrapper h3 a.jt-title,.jtcs_item_wrapper .h3 a.jt-title,.jtcs_item_wrapper a.jt-title,h3.module-title, .module-title.h3{font-size:var(--h3-font-size)}
.header-right-wrap2{padding-left:0.5rem;}
.board-wrap2{padding:20px;}
.menu-list-img{margin-left:0px;margin-bottom:30px}
.as-product.list-view .actions{position:relative;}
.as-product.list-view .actions .as-btn{margin-top:20px;}
.mainbody.elsevier{margin-right:0px;margin-left:0px;}
.faq-area .row [class*='col-']{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}
.faq-area .faq-img img{max-width:100%;}
input.form-control,textarea.form-control,select,.form-control,.form-select,textarea,input{}
.feature-card-wrap{margin-bottom:30px}
.feature-card{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;padding:0 7px !important;}
.t4-footer ul.nav li::before{}
.img-box3 .about-counter1{position:relative;}
.about-counter1{gap:5px;}
.about-counter1 .counter-title{font-size:32px;}
.about-counter1 .counter-text{font-size:16px;}
.footer-links .d-flex{justify-content:flex-start!important;padding-left:0;}
.image-tabs .nav-tabs + .tab-content{min-width:auto;min-height:auto;}
.product-about{width:100%;display:block;}
#JtTabContent img{max-width:100%!important;}
.row.content-tab{flex-wrap:wrap;}
.row.content-tab .col-sm-5,.row.content-tab .col-sm-7{width:100%!important;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.popularshows .jt-imagecover{margin-right:0!important;margin-bottom:20px;float:none!important}
.jt-cs.elsevier.popularshows .jt-introtext{margin-bottom:20px;display:block;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.popularshows .jt-author-date{width:100%;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.popularshows .jt-bottomline{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px 0px;}
.jt-radio-player.elsevier .audio-buttons{margin-top:10px;}
.jt-radio-player.elsevier .radio-name h3{font-size:14px;}
.t4-copyright .navbar{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}
.t4-copyright ul{justify-content:flex-start;}
.yendif-video-share.videos.elsevier [class*=" col-"],.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-item{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}
.yendif-video-share-categories.elsevier .row > *,.mod-yendifvideoshare-videos.elsevier .row > *{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier{padding:0px;}
h1, h2, h3,.moduletable > h3, .moduletable > .h3,.registration fieldset legend{}
.subslider-0-module [class*=' col-']{margin-bottom:40px}
.why-chooseus.right ul,.jt-cs.elsevier.objective .pretext,.discover-elsevier.right ul,.about-us-left ul{padding-left:0}
li.why-chooseus-text,.discover-elsevier.right li, .middlespot-1-module li,.about-us ul li{display:flex;align-items:center;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.objective .jt-pretext,.elsevier.testimonial{flex-wrap:wrap;flex-direction: column;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.objective .pretext_title{border-right:0;padding-right:0;}
.pricingtable-row .row{padding:20px 20px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio .sp-simpleportfolio-filter > ul{padding:0px}
.header-wrap.border-radius{border-radius:0px;}
.t4-bottomspot-4 .container,.t4-subslider-0 .container{max-width:90%;}
.subslider-text{border-right:0;}
.subslider-title{font-size:20px;}

.nav-breakpoint-lg .t4-megamenu {margin-top: 0;}
.mainnav  .container-lg.collapse-static{ padding-left:15PX; padding-right:15px;}
div.content-elsevier, div.register-elsevier {left: 50%;transform: translateX(-50%);}
.jt-cs.elsevier.mainslider .jt-imagecover {margin-right: 0px!important;}
.t4-footer .navbar-nav{justify-content: flex-start;width:100%;gap:0 10px}
.about-us-image1[class*=" col-"] ,.maintop-1-2-wrap [class*=" col-"] {padding-right:0px;padding-left:0;}

.jt-ic.elsevier .slide {padding-left:0px!important;padding-right:0px!important;margin-left: 0px!important;margin-right: 0px!important;}
.submain-1-2-wrap [class*=' col-'],.submain-4-5-wrap [class*=' col-'],.bottom-b[class*=' col-'],.bottom-c[class*=' col-']{ padding-left:0; padding-right:0;}
.jtic_item_wrapper.jt-ic.elsevier{padding-left:0!important; padding-right:0!important;}
#tns1 > .tns-item {box-sizing: content-box;}
.t4-topmodule .top-a[class*=" col-"] ,.t4-topmodule .top-b[class*=" col-"]{padding-right:0px; padding-left:0; margin-bottom:10px;}
.contact.elsevier [class*=' col-']{ padding-left:0px!important; padding-right:0px!important}
.yendif-col  {width:100%!important;}
}
@media only screen and (max-width:540px){
.header-top-3{display:none;}
.row{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}
.yendif-video-share.elsevier.mod-yendifvideoshare-player{padding:10px}
.testimonial_block-data{margin-top:20px;}
.sp-simpleportfolio.elsevier .sp-simpleportfolio-items .sp-simpleportfolio-item{width:100%;}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin-bottom:20px;}
.header-top p,.header-top div{margin:5px 0;} 
.header-top-3{padding-left:5px;}
.logo-wrap{padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:9;top:0px;padding-bottom:10px}
.header-top-3{border-left:0;}
.as-btn{padding:15px ;}
.feature-card-wrap .feature-card{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;padding:0px !important;margin-bottom:20px;}
.feature-card-wrap:first-child .feature-card ,.feature-card-wrap:last-child .feature-card{border:0;}
.shape-mockup-wrap .pe-xxl-5{padding-bottom:65px;padding-top:35px;}
.checklist-wrap{-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:20px;}
.contentpane .item-page{padding:0.5rem;}
.row.gy-4 .col-lg-6{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}
.item-page .page-header h2,.item-page .page-header .h2{font-size:24px;}
.board-wrap{padding:0px;}
.t4-breadcrumbs-inner .container{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}
.t4-section.t4-breadcrumbs .breadcrumb li{margin-right:4px;font-size:0.85rem;}
.breadcrumb .divider{padding-right:0.1rem;}

}
@media only screen and (max-width:600px){
.elsevier  .testimonial_block-image {max-width:100%;width: 100%!important; height:auto!important}
.elsevier-schedule .showimg-text{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center}
.yendif-col-xs-2 {width:100%!important;}

}
@media only screen and (max-width:450px){
.jt-playlist.elsevier .playlist-wrap.style1 .buttons,.jt-playlist.toplist .playlist-wrap.style1 .buttons{gap:6px;padding-left:6px;flex:2;font-size:0.9rem}
.t4-header .navbar-inset {display: none;}
}
@media only screen and (max-width:990px) and (min-width:768px){
.header-block.fastfood .header-m{padding-right:70px;}
.topbar{padding:15px 15px;font-size:90%}
.topbar-l{padding-right:10px}
.topbar-l i,ul.top_social_icons li, ul.top_contact_info li, ul.social_icons li{margin-right:5px;}
.jtcs_item_wrapper h3 a.jt-title, .jtcs_item_wrapper .h3 a.jt-title,h3,.module-title,h3.module-title, .module-title.h3 ,.moduletable > h3, .moduletable > .h3{}
.subslider-0-module [class*=' col-']{margin-bottom:40px}
.positioncenter.owl-carousel .owl-nav{display:none;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.objective .pretext_title{border-right:0;padding-right:0;}
.jt-cs.elsevier.objective .pretext{padding-left:0}
div.content-elsevier, div.register-elsevier {left: 50%;transform: translateX(0%);}
.jt-cs.elsevier .jt-imagecover::before {display:none!important;}
}
@media only screen and (max-width:1400px) and (min-width:991px){
.t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a, .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link, .t4-navbar .navbar-nav > li > a, .t4-navbar .navbar-nav > li > .nav-link{padding-left:0.5rem;padding-right:0.5rem;font-size:85%!important}
.elsevier .positioncenter.owl-carousel .owl-nav{z-index:5!important;}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-next{right:0px;}
.jt-cs.elsevier .owl-carousel .owl-nav .owl-prev{left:0px;}
.header-shape1{-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;border-radius:0px;}
.not-at-top .t4-sticky{top: 0 !important;left: 50%;transform: translateX(-50%);width:100%;}
.nav-align-left .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > a, .nav-align-left .t4-megamenu .navbar-nav > li > span {padding-left:0.8rem;padding-right:0.8rem;}
div.content-elsevier, div.register-elsevier {left: 50%;transform: translateX(0%);}
}
@media only screen and (min-width:990px){
.logo-mobile{ display:none}
}